Dataset Information

2023/24 mid-season influenza and Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness estimates from the Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network (SPSN).

ABSTRACT: The Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network reports mid-season 2023/24 influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 63% (95% CI: 51-72) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, lower for clade 5a.2a.1 (56%; 95% CI: 33-71) than clade 5a.2a (67%; 95% CI: 48-80), and lowest against influenza A(H3N2) (40%; 95% CI: 5-61). The Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine protected comparably well, with VE of 47% (95% CI: 21-65) against medically attended COVID-19, higher among people reporting a prior confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at 67% (95% CI: 28-85).

SUBMITTER: Skowronski DM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10986657 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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2023/24 mid-season influenza and Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness estimates from the Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network (SPSN).

Skowronski Danuta M DM Zhan Yuping Y Kaweski Samantha E SE Sabaiduc Suzana S Khalid Ayisha A Olsha Romy R Carazo Sara S Dickinson James A JA Mather Richard G RG Charest Hugues H Jassem Agatha N AN Levade Inès I Hasso Maan M Zelyas Nathan N Gao Ruimin R Bastien Nathalie N

Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin 20240201 7

The Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network reports mid-season 2023/24 influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 63% (95% CI: 51-72) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, lower for clade 5a.2a.1 (56%; 95% CI: 33-71) than clade 5a.2a (67%; 95% CI: 48-80), and lowest against influenza A(H3N2) (40%; 95% CI: 5-61). The Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine protected comparably well, with VE of 47% (95% CI: 21-65) against medically attended COVID-19, higher among people reporting a prior confirmed SARS-CoV-2 i ...[more]

PMID: 38362622

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Project description:BackgroundLike its predecessors in the XBB family, XBB.1.5 is highly immune evasive from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and neutralizing antibodies generated by vaccination and/or infection. However, there is a lack of in vivo data on XBB.1.5 in animal models such as Syrian hamsters.MethodsSyrian hamsters (females) were used to examine airborne transmission along with virus replication of XBB.1.5 in naïve animals and human ACE2 hamsters with pre-existing immunity from a previous infection with Omicron BA.1. Assays were performed to determine neutralizing antibody responses, and virus titers were determined by standard plaque assays.FindingsUnlike earlier Omicron subvariants, such as BA.1 and BA.2, XBB.1.5 transmitted more efficiently in the hamster model. In addition, XBB.1.5 partially escaped BA.1-immunity from a previous infection with XBB.1.5 replicating in the nasal turbinate tissues and to a lesser extend in the lung tissues of previously infected hamsters.InterpretationOur in vivo data showing better airborne transmissibility of the Omicron subvariant XBB.1.5 than its predecessor, BA.2, in Syrian hamsters will allow researchers to further investigate amino acid substitutions that give XBB.1.5 a fitness advantage over BA.2 in transmission, data that may be important in studies of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in humans.FundingThis research is supported by grants from the Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis and Transmission (CRIPT; 75N93021C00014), funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and by a Research Program on Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (JP21fk0108552 and JP21fk0108615), a Project Promoting Support for Drug Discovery (JP21nf0101632), the Japan Program for Infectious Diseases Research and Infrastructure (JP22wm0125002), and The University of Tokyo Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA) grant (JP223fa627001) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development.

Dataset Information

2023/24 mid-season influenza and Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness estimates from the Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network (SPSN).

Publications

2023/24 mid-season influenza and Omicron XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness estimates from the Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network (SPSN).

Similar Datasets

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