Unveiling an Association between Waterpipe Smoking and Bladder Cancer Risk: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Iran.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Limited data exist for the association between bladder cancers and waterpipe smoking, an emerging global public health concern.

Methods

We used the IROPICAN database in Iran and used multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for cigarette smoking, opium use, and other confounding factors. In addition, we studied the association between exclusive waterpipe smoking and bladder cancer.

Results

We analyzed 717 cases and 3,477 controls and a subset of 215 patients and 2,145 controls who did not use opium or cigarettes. Although the OR adjusted for opium, cigarettes, and other tobacco products was 0.92 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69-1.20], we observed a statistically significant elevated risk in exclusive waterpipe smokers (OR = 1.78; 95% CI, 1.16-2.72) c

SUBMITTER: Hadji M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10988205 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature