Simultaneous photoautotrophic production of DHA and EPA by Tisochrysis lutea and Microchloropsis salina in co-culture
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Thurn A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10991112 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Tisochrysis lutea Transcriptome or Gene expression
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Project description:Tisochrysis lutea Transcriptome or Gene expression
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Project description:Algae and microalgae are used as a source of different biomolecules, such as lipids and carbohydrates. Among carbohydrates, polysaccharides, such as β-glucans, are important for their application as antioxidants, antisepsis, and immunomodulators. In the present work, the β-glucans production potential of Microchloropsis salina was assessed using two different culture conditions: a high-density batch and a modeled high-density fed-batch. From the biochemical parameters determined from these two cultures conditions, it was possible to establish that the modeled high-density fed-batch culture improves the biomass growth. It was possible to obtain a biomass productivity equal to 8.00 × 10-2 ± 2.00 × 10-3 g/(L × day), while the batch condition reached 5.13 × 10-2 ± 4.00 × 10-4 g/(L × day). The same phenomenon was observed when analyzing the β-glucans accumulation, reaching volumetric productivity equal to 5.96 × 10-3 ± 2.00 × 10-4 g of product/(L × day) against the 4.10 × 10-3 ± 2.00 × 10-4 g of product/(L × day) obtained in batch conditions. These data establish a baseline condition to optimize and significantly increase β-glucan productivity, as well as biomass, adding a new and productive source of this polymer, and integrating its use in potential applications in the human and animal nutraceutical industry.
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Project description:Alkenones are unique lipids produced by certain species of microalgae, well-known for use in paleoclimatology, and more recently pursued to advance sustainability across multiple industries. Beginning in 2018, the biosynthesis of alkenones by commercially grown Tisochrysis lutea (T-Iso) microalgae from one of the world's most established producers, Necton S.A., changed dramatically from structures containing 37 and 38 carbons, to unusual shorter-chain C35 and C36 diunsaturated alkenones (C35:2 and C36:2 alkenones). While the exact reasons for this change remain unknown, analysis of alkenones isolated from T-Iso grown in 2021 and 2023 revealed that this change has persisted. The structure of these rare shorter-chain alkenones, including double bond position, produced by Necton T-Iso remained the same over the last five years, which was determined using a new and optimized cross-metathesis derivatization approach with analysis by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and NMR. However, noticeable differences in the alkenone profiles among the different batches were observed. Combined with fatty acid compositional analysis, the data suggest a connection between these lipid classes (e.g., increased DHA corresponds to lower amounts of shorter-chain alkenones) and the ability to manipulate their biosynthesis in T-Iso with changes to cultivation conditions.
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Project description:Pesticides are ubiquitous in the catchments of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) and regularly discharge into the nearshore waters. Effective management of pesticides requires suitable water quality guideline values (WQGVs), and further ecotoxicological data for many pesticides are needed to improve the reliability of environmental risk assessments. To help address this issue, toxicity thresholds were determined to two species of tropical marine microalgae Tisochrysis lutea and Tetraselmis sp. for a suite of herbicides detected in the GBR. Photosystem II (PSII) herbicides significantly reduced growth with no effect concentration (NEC) and 10% effect concentration (EC10) values spanning two orders of magnitude from 0.60 µg L-1 for diuron to 60 µg L-1 for simazine across both species. However, growth was insensitive to the non-PSII herbicides. The NEC/EC10 thresholds for most herbicide-microalgae combinations were greater than recent WQGVs intended to protect 99% of species (PC99); however, metribuzin was toxic to T. lutea at concentrations lower than the current PC99 value, which may have to be revisited. The toxicity thresholds for alternative herbicides derived here further inform the development of national and GBR-specific WQGVs, but more toxicity data is needed to develop WQGVs for the > 50 additional pesticides detected in catchments of the GBR.
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Project description:In this study, Tisochrysis lutea was cultivated in mixotrophic and heterotrophic cultures with glycerol as a carbon source and with glucose and acetate for comparison; autotrophic cultivation was the control group without a carbon source. It was found that T. lutea used glycerol and did not use glucose and acetate under mixotrophy. Mixotrophy slightly elevated the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total fatty acids (TFA) content in the dry-weight and enhanced the DHA and TFA production in medium (41.3 and 31.9% respectively) at the end of a 16-day cultivation, while heterotrophy reduced the DHA content and TFA production. Under the mixotrophy, the glycerol contribution to the DHA production (16.19 mg/L) and the TFA production (97.8 mg/L) was not very high and the DHA yield [2.63% chemical oxygen demand (COD)] and TFA yield (13.1% COD) were also very low. Furthermore, T. lutea using glycerol had a period of adaptation, indicating that T. lutea was not an ideal microalga for organic carbon utilization.
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