Environmental Surveillance for Salmonella Typhi and its Association With Typhoid Fever Incidence in India and Malawi.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Environmental surveillance (ES) for Salmonella Typhi potentially offers a low-cost tool to identify communities with a high burden of typhoid fever.

Methods

We developed standardized protocols for typhoid ES, including sampling site selection, validation, characterization; grab or trap sample collection, concentration; and quantitative PCR targeting Salmonella genes (ttr, staG, and tviB) and a marker of human fecal contamination (HF183). ES was implemented over 12 months in a historically high typhoid fever incidence setting (Vellore, India) and a lower incidence setting (Blantyre, Malawi) during 2021-2022.

Results

S. Typhi prevalence in ES samples was higher in Vellore compared with Blantyre; 39/520 (7.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.4%-12.4%) vs 11/53

SUBMITTER: Uzzell CB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11011185 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature