Assessment and Risk Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Fibrosis Using Non-Invasive Biomarkers.

ABSTRACT: Effective management of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a major health problem worldwide, requires accurate and timely diagnosis, prognosis of progression, assessment of therapeutic efficacy, and, ideally, prediction of drug response. Multiple biomarkers and algorithms for evaluating specific aspects of CKD have been proposed in the literature, many of which are based on a small number of samples. Based on the evidence presented in relevant studies, a comprehensive overview of the different biomarkers applicable for clinical implementation is lacking. This review aims to compile information on the non-invasive diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers currently available for the management of CKD and provide guidance on the application of these biomarkers. We specifically focus on bi

SUBMITTER: Rupprecht H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11011737 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature