Salmonella Typhimurium employs spermidine to exert protection against ROS-mediated cytotoxicity and rewires host polyamine metabolism to ameliorate its survival in macrophages.

ABSTRACT: Salmonella infection entails a cascade of attacks and defence measures. After breaching the intestinal epithelial barrier, Salmonella is phagocytosed by macrophages, where the bacteria encounter multiple stresses, to which it employs relevant countermeasures. Our study shows that, in Salmonella, the polyamine spermidine activates a stress response mechanism by regulating critical antioxidant genes. Salmonella Typhimurium mutants for spermidine transport and synthesis cannot mount an antioxidative response, resulting in high intracellular ROS levels. These mutants are also compromised in their ability to be phagocytosed by macrophages. Furthermore, it regulates a novel enzyme in Salmonella, Glutathionyl-spermidine synthetase (GspSA), which prevents the oxidation of proteins in E. coli. More

SUBMITTER: Nair AV 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11015157 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature