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Effect of high-calorie formula on weight, height increment, IGF-1 and TLC in growth faltering children: A quasi-experimental study.

ABSTRACT: High-calorie formulas have been used to promote catch-up growth in undernourished children. The level of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is closely related to weight and nutritional intake, whereas low a total lymphocyte count (TLC) is associated with impaired immune system function in undernourished children. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of high-calorie formula as an intervention on weight, height increment, IGF-1 and TLC in children with growth faltering or undernutrition. A quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-design was conducted in the outpatient clinic of a private hospital during October 2021-July 2022 on children with growth failure and underlying infection. For 90 days, subjects were given a high-calorie formula. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was then conducted to measure IGF-1, followed by a complete blood count examination. Subjects were divided into two groups based on age: Group 1 (12-24 months) and Group 2 (>24-60 months). There was a significant increment in body weight and body length/height after intervention but no significant difference between the groups. The increment of body length/height after intervention was greater in Group 1 than Group 2 (p = 0.000) and reduced the incidence of stunted/severely stunted and wasted/severely wasted children (p > 0.05). IGF-1 increased after the intervention but with no significant difference (1.42 ± 8.31 ng/ml; p = 0.144). There was a significant reduction in TLC after the intervention (1194.34 + 4400.34 cells/mm³; p = 0.002) that was reduced in Group 1 and slightly increased in Group 2 (p = 0.003). Being underweight/severely underweight increased the risk of a low TLC by 27.658-fold but this risk was reduced by 25.904-fold after nutritional intervention. High-calorie formula intervention increases body weight and body length/height, reduces the incidence of underweight, stunted and wasted children and improves IGF-1 levels.

SUBMITTER: Widjaja NA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11016603 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of high-calorie formula on weight, height increment, IGF-1 and TLC in growth faltering children: A quasi-experimental study.

Widjaja Nur Aisiyah NA Hamida Azizah A Purnomo Marisa Tulus MT Satjadibrata Azarina A Sari Putri Permata PP Handini Laksmi Suci LS Novi Theresia T Hanindita Meta Herdiana MH Irawan Roedi R

Heliyon 20240403 7

High-calorie formulas have been used to promote catch-up growth in undernourished children. The level of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is closely related to weight and nutritional intake, whereas low a total lymphocyte count (TLC) is associated with impaired immune system function in undernourished children. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of high-calorie formula as an intervention on weight, height increment, IGF-1 and TLC in children with growth faltering or undernutr ...[more]

PMID: 38623243

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Project description:BackgroundBoth men and women are vulnerable to weight gain during the college years, and this phenomenon is linked to an increased risk of several chronic diseases and mortality. Technology represents an attractive medium for the delivery of weight control interventions focused on college students, given its reach and appeal among this population. However, few technology-mediated weight gain prevention interventions have been evaluated for college students.ObjectiveThis study examined a new technology-based, social media-facilitated weight gain prevention intervention for college students.MethodsUndergraduates (n =58) in two sections of a public university course were allocated to either a behavioral weight gain prevention intervention (Healthy Weight, HW; N=29) or a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination awareness intervention (control; N=29). All students were enrolled, regardless of initial body weight or expressed interest in weight management. The interventions delivered 8 lessons via electronic newsletters and Facebook postings over 9 weeks, which were designed to foster social support and introduce relevant educational content. The HW intervention targeted behavioral strategies to prevent weight gain and provided participants with a Wi-Fi-enabled scale and an electronic physical activity tracker to facilitate weight regulation. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted to examine within- and between-group differences in measures of self-reported weight control practices and objectively measured weight. Use of each intervention medium and device was objectively tracked, and intervention satisfaction measures were obtained.ResultsStudents remained weight stable (HW: -0.48+1.9 kg; control: -0.45+1.4 kg), with no significant difference between groups over 9 weeks (P =.94). However, HW students reported a significantly greater increase in the number of appropriate weight control strategies than did controls (2.1+4.5 vs -1.1+3.4, respectively; P =.003) and there was no increase in inappropriate weight control behaviors (P =.11). More than 90% of students in the HW arm opened the electronic newsletters each week, and the average number of Facebook interactions (comments and likes) per student each week was 3.3+1.4. Each self-monitoring device was initialized by 90% of HW students. On average, they used their physical activity tracker for 23.7+15.2 days and their Wi-Fi scale for 14.1+13.1 days over the 9 weeks. HW students rated the intervention favorably.ConclusionsThe short-term effect of this technology-based weight gain prevention intervention for college students is promising and merits evaluation over a longer duration to determine whether engagement and behavioral improvements positively affect weight outcomes and can be maintained.

Project description:ObjectivesThe study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a yearlong digital multidimensional weight-loss intervention among residents in a southern rural community. The intervention utilized a quasi-experimental design to assess weight loss and lifestyle habit changes in volunteer individuals living in a rural community in western North Carolina.MethodsThe quasi-experimental design featured pre- and post-in-person health assessments, including anthropometric measures such as body composition, blood pressure, and lifestyle habits, through a health risk questionnaire. Upon completion of the in-person pre-assessment, participants received digital health education and challenges via email and challenge runner for 1 year. Following 12 months, participants were asked to complete the post-assessment to review their results. The multidimensional weight-loss intervention was communicated via newspaper and social media to promote participation among community members, utilizing a volunteer sample. Univariate analyses were conducted to determine age, weight, BMI, and body fat percentage. A paired sample t-test was conducted on pre- and post-weight as well as pre- and post-health scores. The health score was derived from the health risk questionnaire. A bivariate Pearson correlation was conducted for post-weight and post-health score analyses.ResultsThe average participant was female in their mid-40s (N = 67). Results showed insignificant statistical mean differences between pre- and post-weight and pre- and post-health scores. A Pearson correlation indicated a moderate correlation r = -0.36, p = 0.003) between post-weight and post-health score. The negative correlation indicates changes in health behavior reflected in the health score improving as weight decreased.ConclusionThe weight-loss intervention proved unsuccessful in clinical weight loss but demonstrated an association between healthy behavior changes and weight loss. However, further research is needed to solidify the current findings, as there were limitations identified in COVID-19.

Dataset Information

Effect of high-calorie formula on weight, height increment, IGF-1 and TLC in growth faltering children: A quasi-experimental study.

Publications

Effect of high-calorie formula on weight, height increment, IGF-1 and TLC in growth faltering children: A quasi-experimental study.

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