The effect of methylphenidate on anaesthesia recovery: An experimental study in pigs
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SUBMITTER: Mirra A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11020859 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundDespite the large number of pigs involved in translational studies, no gold standard depth of anaesthesia indicators are available. We undertook a scoping review to investigate and summarize the evidence that sustains or contradicts the use of depth of anaesthesia indicators in this species.MethodsMedline, Embase and CAB abstract were searched up to September 22nd 2022. No limits were set for time, language and study type. Only original articles of in vivo studies using pigs or minipigs undergoing general anaesthesia were included. The depth of anaesthesia indicators reported in the selected papers were divided in two categories: A, indicators purposely investigated as method to assess depth of anaesthesia; B, indicators reported but not investigated as method to assess depth of anaesthesia.ResultsOut of 13792 papers found, 105 were included after the screening process. Category A: 17 depth of anaesthesia indicators were found in 19 papers. Studies were conducted using inhalant anaesthetics as the main anaesthetic agent in the majority of the cases (13/19 = 68.4%), while 3/19 (15.8%) used propofol. The most investigated depth of anaesthesia indicators were bispectral index (8/19 = 42.1%) and spectral edge frequency 95% (5/19 = 26.3%). Contrasting results about the specific usefulness of each depth of anaesthesia indicators were reported. Category B: 23 depth of anaesthesia indicators were found in 92 papers. The most reported depth of anaesthesia indicators were: motor response following a stimulus (37/92 = 40.2%), depth of anaesthesia scores (21/92 = 23.3%), bispectral index (16/92 = 17.8%) and spectral edge frequency 95% (9/92 = 9.8%).ConclusionResults highlight the lack of scientifically valid and reliable indicators to ensure adequate depth of anaesthesia in pigs.
| S-EPMC10035875 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesTo examine the efficacy of intratracheal dexmedetomidine (Dex) injection for the prevention of the laryngeal response on emergence from general anaesthesia following gynaecological laparoscopic surgery.DesignProspective, randomised, double-blinded, controlled trial.SettingA general hospital, Guangdong Province, China.ParticipantsAll patients who underwent elective laparoscopic gynaecological surgery, aged 18-60 years old, 40-80 kg in weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists class I-II were eligible. Patients were excluded if they had respiratory disease, heart disorders which might represent risk factors of potential complications of Dex such as bradycardia, heart block, coronary heart disease, uncontrolled hypertension or the long-term use of sedative drugs.InterventionPatients were randomly allocated to either receive intratracheal Dex (DT), intravenous Dex (DV) or intravenous saline (CON, n=30, respectively). In the DT and DV groups, Dex (0.5 µg/kg) was diluted and mixed in 1 or 20 mL of saline, respectively, and injected via the intratracheal or intravenous route 30 min before the completion of the surgery.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the coughing extent among the three groups. Secondary outcomes included awareness time, extubation time, postoperative visual analogue scale and Steward recovery score.ResultsCompared with the CON group, the extent of coughing was significantly reduced in both the DV group and the DT group. Furthermore, the mean time to awareness (13.4 (4.3) vs 8.8 (2.9), p<0.001) and the extubation time (14.3 (4.3) vs 8.4 (3.6), p<0.001) were reduced in the DT group. Patients in the DT group also experienced better early recovery quality and less pain than those in the CON group. Furthermore, intratracheal Dex administration contributed to improved stability in haemodynamics with no significant side effects.ConclusionsIntratracheal Dex administration may avoid untoward laryngeal responses for patients emerging from general anaesthesia after gynaecological laparoscopy.Trial registration numberChiCTR-IOR-15007611.
| S-EPMC5898314 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Smartphones are often vilified for negatively influencing well-being and contributing to stress. However, these devices may, in fact, be useful in times of stress and, in particular, aid in stress recovery. Mobile apps that deliver evidence-based techniques for stress reduction, such as heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) training, hold promise as convenient, accessible, and effective stress-reducing tools. Numerous mobile health apps that may potentially aid in stress recovery are available, but very few have demonstrated that they can influence health-related physiological stress parameters (eg, salivary biomarkers of stress). The ability to recover swiftly from stress and reduce physiological arousal is particularly important for long-term health, and thus, it is imperative that evidence is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of stress-reducing mobile health apps in this context. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this research was to investigate the physiological and psychological effects of using a smartphone app for HRVB training following a stressful experience. The efficacy of the gamified Breather component of the Happify mobile health app was examined in an experimental setting. METHODS:In this study, participants (N=140) underwent a laboratory stressor and were randomly assigned to recover in one of three ways: with no phone present, with a phone present, with the HRBV game. Those in the no phone condition had no access to their phone. Those in the phone present condition had their phone but did not use it. Those in the HRVB game condition used the serious game Breather on the Happify app. Stress recovery was assessed via repeated measures of salivary alpha amylase, cortisol, and self-reported acute stress (on a 1-100 scale). RESULTS:Participants in the HRVB game condition had significantly lower levels of salivary alpha amylase during recovery than participants in the other conditions (F2,133=3.78, P=.03). There were no significant differences among the conditions during recovery for salivary cortisol levels or self-reported stress. CONCLUSIONS:These results show that engaging in a brief HRVB training session on a smartphone reduces levels of salivary alpha amylase following a stressful experience, providing preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of Breather in improving physiological stress recovery. Given the known ties between stress recovery and future well-being, this study provides a possible mechanism by which gamified biofeedback apps may lead to better health.
| S-EPMC6904898 | biostudies-literature
Project description:How the brain recovers from general anaesthesia is poorly understood. Neurocognitive problems during anaesthesia recovery are associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality in patients. We studied intracortical neuronal dynamics during transitions from propofol-induced unconsciousness into consciousness by directly recording local field potentials and single neuron activity in a functionally and anatomically interconnecting somatosensory (S1, S2) and ventral premotor (PMv) network in primates. Macaque monkeys were trained for a behavioural task designed to determine trial-by-trial alertness and neuronal response to tactile and auditory stimulation. We found that neuronal dynamics were dissociated between S1 and higher-order PMv prior to return of consciousness. The return of consciousness was distinguishable by a distinctive return of interregionally coherent beta oscillations and disruption of the slow-delta oscillations. Clustering analysis demonstrated that these state transitions between wakefulness and unconsciousness were rapid and unstable. In contrast, return of pre-anaesthetic task performance was observed with a gradual increase in the coherent beta oscillations. We also found that recovery end points significantly varied intra-individually across sessions, as compared to a rather consistent loss of consciousness time. Recovery of single neuron multisensory responses appeared to be associated with the time of full performance recovery rather than the length of recovery time. Similar to loss of consciousness, return of consciousness was identified with an abrupt shift of dynamics and the regions were dissociated temporarily during the transition. However, the actual dynamics change during return of consciousness is not simply an inverse of loss of consciousness, suggesting a unique process.
| S-EPMC7868001 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCircadian rhythms coordinate almost all physiological functions and are implicated in major disease development. Even though circadian rhythms have a major impact on human health, little is known about how they affect general anaesthesia. The purpose of this study was to understand if the time of day affects the length of time a child needs to achieve readiness for discharge after general anaesthesia for brain MRI.MethodsA retrospective analysis over a 3 yr period (2013-5) on the length of stay in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU) before discharge was performed for children (age <18 yr) undergoing brain magnetic resonance imaging as outpatients. PACU duration was correlated to either morning vs afternoon or to time clusters for discharge times (<9 AM, >9 AM <12 PM, >12 PM <3 PM, >3 PM <6 PM, >6 PM).ResultsData from 2340 procedures in children, with median age [inter-quartile range (range)] of 4.7 [2.3-7.25 (0.5-17.8)] yr were available for analysis. The length of stay in the PACU significantly increased over the course of the day with an observed maximum increase of 18 or 19 min (<9 AM vs >6 PM) in children older than 3 or 5 yr, respectively. Subgroup analysis suggested time of day dependent PACU time increase was independent of sex, co-medications, or obstructive sleep apnoea.ConclusionThe time of day significantly affects PACU recovery times in children of both genders having brain imaging under general anaesthesia. Children younger than 3 yr might not be affected. Further validation of these findings may guide future strategies to reduce discharge times.
| S-EPMC6617965 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10926343 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe return of gastrointestinal function is an important sign of postoperative recovery in patients undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia. We aimed to summarize the effects of stellate ganglion block on the recovery of gastrointestinal function as a means of exploring methods through which anaesthesiologists can contribute to postoperative patient recovery.MethodsWe performed a quantitative systematic review of randomized controlled trials published between January 1, 1988, and November 11, 2019, in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese VIP Information, and the Wanfang and SinoMed databases. Study quality was assessed by using the GRADE criteria and bias of included studies were assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. The time to peristaltic sound resumption, flatus, postoperative eating and the incidence of abdominal bloating in the stellate ganglion block and control groups were compared. The control group consisted of either a stellate ganglion block with normal saline or no treatment. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software.ResultsAfter searching for relevant articles, 281 studies were identified, and five articles with data on 274 patients were eligible. Regarding postoperative flatus time, stellate ganglion block resulted in a mean reduction of 15 h (P = 0.02); then a sensitivity analysis was performed, and the standard mean difference decreased to 6 h (P = 0.007). For gastrointestinal surgery, the mean reduction was 23.92 h (P = 0.0002). As for the evaluation of the recovery of peristaltic sounds, stellate ganglion block promoted the recovery of regular peristaltic bowel sounds an average of 14.67 h earlier than in the control (P = 0.0008). When it comes to nutrients, stellate ganglion block shortened the total parenteral nutrition time by more than 50 h in patients who had undergone gastrointestinal surgery (P<0.00001). Finally, stellate ganglion block prevented the occurrence of postoperative abdominal bloating (P = 0.001).) No complications related to stellate ganglion block were reported.ConclusionStellate ganglion block may promote postoperative gastrointestinal recovery in patients undergoing various surgeries under general anaesthesia. However, additional trials investigating the use of stellate ganglion block are necessary to confirm our finding.Trial registrationThis meta-analysis has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (registration number CRD42020157602).
| S-EPMC7670678 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Time course study that monitored clinical observation data, cytokines from gingival crevicular fluid, and microbial composition from sub-gingival dental plaque.
| PRJEB37444 | ENA
Project description:Genomic analyses of experimental hybrids
| PRJEB36154 | ENA
Project description:Different assisted recovery techniques have been developed to enhance the safety and quality of equine recoveries. This case series evaluates the recovery of horses using an air-inflated pillow (Equi-lift®). With owner consent, the following data were collected from 19 horses undergoing open castration and 21 horses where a difficult recovery was anticipated: age, bodyweight, procedure, anaesthetic protocol, time required for proper positioning in the Equi-lift®, time to extubation, time to standing, number of attempts to stand, number of stimuli, behaviour during recumbency/first attempts, and overall impression. Horses were 1-24 years old, with a bodyweight of 483.5 ± 106.8 kg. The median time to properly position a horse into the system was 6 min (range: 1-15 min). The recovery duration was 42 min (range: 21-181 min), with a median of 4 attempts (range: 1-12 attempts) and 1 stimulus (range: 0-10) before fully standing. Recovery was calm in most horses (32/40) and moderate (with signs of anxiety and/or excitation) in 3/40 horses. In five horses, the use of this technique was discontinued. All horses recovered without any injuries or other immediate postoperative complications. In conclusion, this recovery technique shows promising results, but further studies are needed to confirm the findings.
| S-EPMC11852072 | biostudies-literature