HIV-1 envelope facilitates the development of protease inhibitor resistance through acquiring mutations associated with viral entry and immune escape.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

There is increasing evidence supporting a role for HIV-1 envelope in the development of Protease Inhibitor drug resistance, and a recent report from our group suggested that Env mutations co-evolve with Gag-Protease mutations in the pathway to Lopinavir resistance. In this study, we investigated the effect of co-evolving Env mutations on virus function and structure.

Methods

Co-receptor usage and n-linked glycosylation were investigated using Geno2Pheno as well as tools available at the Los Alamos sequence database. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using Amber 18 and analyzed using Cpptraj, and molecular interactions were calculated using the Ring server.

Results

The results showed that under Protease Inhibitor drug selection pressure, the en

SUBMITTER: Maphumulo NF 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11063367 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature