Opposing diet, microbiome, and metabolite mechanisms regulate inflammatory bowel disease in a genetically susceptible host.

ABSTRACT: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic conditions characterized by periods of spontaneous intestinal inflammation and are increasing in industrialized populations. Combined with host genetics, diet and gut bacteria are thought to contribute prominently to IBDs, but mechanisms are still emerging. In mice lacking the IBD-associated cytokine, interleukin-10, we show that a fiber-deprived gut microbiota promotes the deterioration of colonic mucus, leading to lethal colitis. Inflammation starts with the expansion of natural killer cells and altered immunoglobulin-A coating of some bacteria. Lethal colitis is then driven by Th1 immune responses to increased activities of mucin-degrading bacteria that cause inflammation first in regions with thinner mucus. A fiber-free exclusive enteral n

SUBMITTER: Pereira GV 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11064055 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature