Development of pharmacological immunoregulatory anti-cancer therapeutics: current mechanistic studies and clinical opportunities.

ABSTRACT: Immunotherapy represented by anti-PD-(L)1 and anti-CTLA-4 inhibitors has revolutionized cancer treatment, but challenges related to resistance and toxicity still remain. Due to the advancement of immuno-oncology, an increasing number of novel immunoregulatory targets and mechanisms are being revealed, with relevant therapies promising to improve clinical immunotherapy in the foreseeable future. Therefore, comprehending the larger picture is important. In this review, we analyze and summarize the current landscape of preclinical and translational mechanistic research, drug development, and clinical trials that brought about next-generation pharmacological immunoregulatory anti-cancer agents and drug candidates beyond classical immune checkpoint inhibitors. Along with further clarification o

SUBMITTER: Yin N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11109181 | biostudies-literature | 2024 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature