Examining the Effect of Genes on Depression as Mediated by Smoking and Modified by Sex.

ABSTRACT: Depression is heritable, differs by sex, and has environmental risk factors such as cigarette smoking. However, the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on depression through cigarette smoking and the role of sex is unclear. In order to examine the association of SNPs with depression and smoking in the UK Biobank with replication in the COPDGene study, we used counterfactual-based mediation analysis to test the indirect or mediated effect of SNPs on broad depression through the log of pack-years of cigarette smoking, adjusting for age, sex, current smoking status, and genetic ancestry (via principal components). In secondary analyses, we adjusted for age, sex, current smoking status, genetic ancestry (via principal components), income, education, and living status (urban vs. ru

SUBMITTER: Voorhies K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11120779 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature