Dataset Information

Storage and redistribution of anthropogenic CO₂ in the western North Pacific: The role of subtropical mode water transportation.

ABSTRACT: Oceanic uptake and storage of anthropogenic CO₂ (C_ANT) are regulated by ocean circulation and ventilation. To decipher the storage and redistribution of C_ANT in the western North Pacific, where a major C_ANT sink develops, we investigated the water column carbonate system, dissolved inorganic radiocarbon and ancillary parameters in May and August 2018, spanning the Kuroshio Extension (KE, 35-39 °N), Kuroshio Recirculation (KR, 27-35 °N) and subtropical (21-27 °N) zones. Water column C_ANT inventories were estimated to be 40.5 ± 1.1 mol m^-2 in the KR zone and 37.2 ± 0.9 mol m^-2 in the subtropical zone. In comparison with historical data obtained in 2005, relatively high rates of increase of the C_ANT inventory of 1.05 ± 0.20 and 1.03 ± 0.12 mol m^-2 yr^-1 in the recent decade were obtained in the KR and subtropical zones, respectively. Our water-mass-based analyses suggest that formation and transport of subtropical mode water dominate the deep penetration, storage, and redistribution of C_ANT in those two regions. In the KE zone, however, both the water column C_ANT inventory and the decadal C_ANT accumulation rate were small and uncertain owing to the dynamic hydrology, where the naturally uplifting isopycnal surfaces make C_ANT penetration relatively shallow. The findings of this study improve the understanding of the spatiotemporal variations of C_ANT distribution, storage, and transport in the western North Pacific.

SUBMITTER: Li CL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11197630 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Storage and redistribution of anthropogenic CO2 in the western North Pacific: The role of subtropical mode water transportation.

Li Cheng-Long CL Han Lei L Zhai Wei-Dong WD Qi Di D Wang Xu-Chen XC Lin Hong-Mei HM Zheng Li-Wen LW

Fundamental research 20220513 1

Oceanic uptake and storage of anthropogenic CO2 (CANT) are regulated by ocean circulation and ventilation. To decipher the storage and redistribution of CANT in the western North Pacific, where a major CANT sink develops, we investigated the water column carbonate system, dissolved inorganic radiocarbon and ancillary parameters in May and August 2018, spanning the Kuroshio Extension (KE, 35-39 °N), Kuroshio Recirculation (KR, 27-35 °N) and subtropical ...[more]

PMID: 38933835

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Project description:While primary productivity in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is changing, the micro-size plankton community has not been evaluated in the last 4 decades, prompting a re-evaluation. We collected samples over three years (2016-2018) from depths of 10 to 200 m (n = 127), and the micro-size plankton were identified and counted to understand the heterogeneity of micro-size plankton community structure. The assemblages were consistent to the those of 4 decades ago. Dinophyceae (dinoflagellates) were the most numerically abundant, followed by Cryptophyceae and Bacillariophyceae (diatoms). The other micro-size plankton classes (Cyanophyceae, Haptophyceae, Dictyochophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Prasinophyceae) were not always detected, whereas only Trichodesmium spp. was counted in the Cyanophyceae. Other unidentified autotrophic and heterotrophic flagellates were also significantly present, and their numeric abundance was higher than or at the same level as was that of the Dinophyceae. In the Dinophyceae, Gymnodiniaceae and Peridiniales were abundant. The chlorophyll a concentration and these class-level assemblages suggested micro-size plankton is not a major primary producer in this area. We applied generalized additive models (GAMs) and principal coordination analyses (PCoAs) to evaluate the habitats of every plankton group and the heterogeneity of the assemblages. The GAMs suggested that every classified plankton abundance showed a similar response to salinity, and we observed differences in habitats in terms of temperature and nitrate concentrations. Based on the PCoAs, we observed unique communities at the 200 m depth layer compared with those at the other sampling layers. The site scores of PCoAs indicated that the micro-size plankton assemblages are most heterogeneous at the 10 m depth layer. At such depth, diazotrophic Cyanophyceae (Trichodesmium spp.) are abundant, particularly in less-saline water. Therefore, nitrogen fixation may contribute to the heterogeneity in the abundance and assemblages in the western NPSG.

Dataset Information

Storage and redistribution of anthropogenic CO₂ in the western North Pacific: The role of subtropical mode water transportation.

Publications

Storage and redistribution of anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> in the western North Pacific: The role of subtropical mode water transportation.

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