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The child who lived: Down syndrome among Neanderthals?

ABSTRACT: Caregiving for disabled individuals among Neanderthals has been known for a long time, and there is a debate about the implications of this behavior. Some authors believe that caregiving took place between individuals able to reciprocate the favor, while others argue that caregiving was produced by a feeling of compassion related to other highly adaptive prosocial behaviors. The study of children with severe pathologies is particularly interesting, as children have a very limited possibility to reciprocate the assistance. We present the case of a Neanderthal child who suffered from a congenital pathology of the inner ear, probably debilitating, and associated with Down syndrome. This child would have required care for at least 6 years, likely necessitating other group members to assist the mother in childcare.

SUBMITTER: Conde-Valverde M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11204207 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The child who lived: Down syndrome among Neanderthals?

Conde-Valverde Mercedes M Quirós-Sánchez Amara A Diez-Valero Julia J Mata-Castro Nieves N García-Fernández Alfredo A Quam Rolf R Carretero José Miguel JM García-González Rebeca R Rodríguez Laura L Sánchez-Andrés Ángeles Á Arsuaga Juan Luis JL Martínez Ignacio I Villaverde Valentín V

Science advances 20240626 26

Caregiving for disabled individuals among Neanderthals has been known for a long time, and there is a debate about the implications of this behavior. Some authors believe that caregiving took place between individuals able to reciprocate the favor, while others argue that caregiving was produced by a feeling of compassion related to other highly adaptive prosocial behaviors. The study of children with severe pathologies is particularly interesting, as children have a very limited possibility to ...[more]

PMID: 38924400

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