The causal relationship between smoking, alcohol consumption, and renal clear cell carcinoma: a Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Observational studies have found a correlation between the consumption of tobacco and alcohol and the likelihood of developing renal cell carcinoma. However, whether these associations indicate causal relationships is unclear. Methods: To establish if these connections indicate causal relationships, we performed a Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis using a two-sample approach. For the number of daily cigarettes, lifetime smoking index, smoking initiation, and weekly drinking, we employed 44, 108, 174, and 76 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables. Outcome data were obtained from the FinnGen Alliance, which included a combined total of 429,290 individuals. The MR analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method

SUBMITTER: Cui H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11217166 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature