Quantifying the regime of thermodynamic control for solid-state reactions during ternary metal oxide synthesis.

ABSTRACT: The success of solid-state synthesis often hinges on the first intermediate phase that forms, which determines the remaining driving force to produce the desired target material. Recent work suggests that when reaction energies are large, thermodynamics primarily dictates the initial product formed, regardless of reactant stoichiometry. Here, we validate this principle and quantify its constraints by performing in situ characterization on 37 pairs of reactants. These experiments reveal a threshold for thermodynamic control in solid-state reactions, whereby initial product formation can be predicted when its driving force exceeds that of all other competing phases by ≥60 milli-electron volt per atom. In contrast, when multiple phases have a comparable driving force to form, the initial prod

SUBMITTER: Szymanski NJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11221506 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature