On the importance of being amidated: Analysis of the role of the conserved C-terminal amide of amylin in amyloid formation and cytotoxicity.

ABSTRACT: The polypeptide hormone Amylin (also known as islet amyloid polypeptide) plays a role in regulation of glucose metabolism, but forms pancreatic islet amyloid deposits in type 2 diabetes. The process of islet amyloid formation contributes to β-cell dysfunction and the development of the disease. Amylin is produced as a pro-from and undergoes processing prior to secretion. The mature hormone contains an amidated C-terminus. Analysis of an alignment of vertebrate amylin sequences reveals that the processing signal for amidation is strictly conserved. Furthermore, the enzyme responsible for C-terminal amidation is found in all of these organisms. Comparison of the physiologically relevant amidated form to a variant with a free C-terminus (Amylin-COO^-) shows that replacement of the C

SUBMITTER: Yang T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11223093 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature