Association of digital media use with sleep habits in school children: A cross-sectional study
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC11234148 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Dental caries is still a major public health issue and influences the overall health of children. The risk factors for caries include biological, socio-behavioral, and environmental factors. Our aim is to assess the association between dental caries and the life habits of children and their parents. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Rome (Italy) among primary school children aged 5 to 11. Parents completed the anamnestic questionnaire, and a dental clinical examination was performed on 333 children. Caries prevalence was 38.7% overall, 47% in males and 31.9% in females. The association between bottle night-time feeding and caries was statistically significant (43.2%; p = 0.013). Usage of a honeyed pacifier was also significantly associated with the presence of caries (72.7%; p = 0.027). Finally, higher caries prevalence was found among male children (47% vs. 31.9%; p = 0.005). The present study shows that the percentage of caries is still high in the paediatric population, and caries prevalence is associated with life habits. Our results highlight the importance of oral health education programs at primary school that involve teachers and parents to contribute to improving lifestyles.
| S-EPMC9028244 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study explored the associations of lifestyle, familial, and social factors with sleep habits in 1882 elementary school children, aged 6-13 years, from the Super Shokuiku School Project in January 2016. A survey assessed sex, grade, sleep habits, lifestyle, social background, and parental lifestyle. Bedtime "≥22:00," wake-up time "≥07:00," sleep duration "<8 h," and "daytime sleepiness" were defined as poor sleep habits; correlates were analyzed using logistic regression. Skipping breakfast was consistently significantly associated with poor sleep, especially among children with late wake-up times (adjusted odds ratio 5.45; 95% confidence interval 3.20-9.30). Excessive screen time was associated with late bed and wake-up times. Physical inactivity was significantly associated with daytime sleepiness. Children of mothers with poor lifestyle habits were likely to go to bed late and feel sleepy the next day. Social and family factors were associated with children's sleep habits. Several behaviors, including skipping breakfast, excessive screen time, and physical inactivity, were associated with poor sleep habits, manifesting as a night-oriented lifestyle. Although a longitudinal study is needed to determine causality, in addition to sleep education for children, sleep education for parents and society at large may be necessary to improve children's sleep habits.
| S-EPMC7915430 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHigher consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) maybe association with children's sleep pattern. However, few studies have considered this association in Asia, especially in school children. This study investigated the relationship between children's consumption frequency of such beverages and their sleep duration.MethodsParticipants aged 6-12 years were analyzed from two survey data in 2012 and 2013-2016 Nutrition and Health Surveys in Taiwan. A total of 2,628 participants were included in the analysis (2012, N = 1,267; 2013-2016, N = 1,361). Beverages weekly consumption were divided into low and high intake groups by medians cut-off points. The sleep variables were the sleep duration at night (including school days and weekends) and sleep debt. After controlling the confounders, the correlation between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and sleep duration was examined using multinomial logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe students slept for an average of 8.8 h on school days and 9.7 h on weekends. Relative to the low SSB intake group, the high intake group exhibited shorter sleep durations on school days (P < 0.001), greater sleep debt (P = 0.049). In logistic regression, high intake group were more likely to sleep for <8.5 h on school days (OR = 1.67, P = 0.002) and exhibit >2 h of sleep debt than low intake group (OR = 1.41, P = 0.022).ConclusionsChildren who had consumed sugar-sweetened beverages frequently slept for shorter durations at night on school days and exhibited greater sleep debt. The causal relationship was not clear. Nonetheless, these two factors are important in promoting children health.
| S-EPMC8965345 | biostudies-literature
Project description:During the COVID-19 lockdown, a high prevalence of disruption in lifestyle habits was reported, especially concerning sleep habits. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between lifestyles and the COVID-19 lockdown on subjects living in Mexico. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. An online questionnaire was administered to survey participants. A clustering procedure was performed to identify groups of survey respondents with similar characteristics. There were 155 survey respondents. Most of them were women (83%) of young age. The clustering identified two distinct groups of subjects, i.e., Cluster 1 and 2. The subjects in Cluster 2 were younger, more likely to use social media, and spent much more time watching TV/surfing the internet than subjects in Cluster 1. Furthermore, the prevalence of problems with falling and staying asleep during the lockdown was higher in Cluster 2 than in Cluster 1 (14% in Cluster 2 vs. 4% in Cluster 1) even though nobody from Cluster 2 had sleep problems before the lockdown. The study showed that younger respondents were those more affected by lockdown measures.
| S-EPMC11504667 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTransgender, nonbinary, and gender-diverse (TNG) youth encounter barriers to psychosocial wellness and also describe exploring identities and communities on the web. Studies of cisgender youth connect increased digital technology use with lower well-being, parent relationships, and body image scores as well as increased loneliness and fear of missing out (FOMO). However, little is known about the psychosocial factors associated with digital technology use among TNG compared with cisgender youth.ObjectiveThis study aims to examine the associations between psychosocial measures and digital technology use and its importance for cisgender and TNG youth.MethodsWe surveyed a nationally representative sample of adolescents (aged 13-18 years) about psychosocial wellness and digital technology use. Psychosocial measures included assessment of well-being, parental relationships, body image, loneliness, and FOMO. Digital media use assessments included the short Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening Scale-3 and the Adolescent Digital Technology Interactions and Importance (ADTI) scale and subscales. We compared psychosocial measures between gender identity groups. We also compared stratified correlations for psychosocial measures (well-being, parent relationships, body image, loneliness, and FOMO) with ADTI and Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening Scale-3 scores between gender identity groups. All comparisons were adjusted for age, race, and ethnicity.ResultsAmong 4575 adolescents, 53 (1.16%) self-identified as TNG youth. TNG youth had lower scores for well-being (23.76 vs 26.47; P<.001), parent relationships (19.29 vs 23.32; P<.001), and body image (13.50 vs 17.12; P<.001), and higher scores for loneliness (9.28 vs 6.55; P<.001) and FOMO (27.93 vs 23.89; P=.004), compared with cisgender peers. In a pattern different from that of their cisgender peers, better well-being scores and body image for TNG youth predicted higher problematic internet use (PIU) scores (correlation coefficients of 0.32 vs -0.07; P=.004 and 0.26 vs -0.21; P=.002, respectively). FOMO was a stronger positive predictor of higher ADTI total and subscale scores for cisgender youth compared with TNG youth.ConclusionsOverall, this study supports previously demonstrated disparities in the psychosocial wellness of TNG youth and adds that these disparities include loneliness and FOMO. This study shows prediction of PIU by both higher well-being and better body image, indicating that PIU may not be unilaterally driven by problematic factors among TNG youth. We suggest that this may be because of the specific digital media functions that TNG youth engage with as a disenfranchised population.
| S-EPMC8398741 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe advent of social media over the years significantly influences the sexual choices of adolescents. Ensuring the appropriate use of these platforms is key to developing positive attitudes towards sex-related subjects. Yet, evidence of the effect of social media on the sexual behaviours of adolescents is scarce. This study examined the association between social media use and adolescents' sexual behaviours in Ghana.MethodsThis was an institutional-based cross-sectional study involving 401 adolescents selected from 1 Senior High and 5 Junior High Schools in Drobo, Jaman South Municipality, Ghana. Using a structured questionnaire, data on social media and adolescent sexual behaviours were collected and binary logistic regression was employed to examine the association between social media and sexual risky behaviours of the adolescents.ResultsParticipants were on average 16 years (mean = 15.9; SD = 1.8), and there were slightly more female (52.6%) participants than male participants. Adolescents who used at least one social media platform had significantly higher odds of engaging in risky sexual behaviours compared to those who did not (AOR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.20, 4.46; P = 0.012). Adolescents in Senior High School were more likely to have risky sexual behaviours compared to their counterparts attending Junior High Schools regardless of social media use (AOR: 4.22; 95% CI: 2.43, 7.34; P < 0.001). Similarly, adolescents whose guardians were salary workers had 59% decreased odds of engaging in risky sexual behaviours compared to those whose parents/guardians were farmers irrespective of social media use (AOR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.80; P = 0.009).ConclusionSocial media use predicted risky sexual behaviours among adolescents. The need for adolescent empowerment for appropriate social media usage becomes empirical to ensure they benefit. Civil society organizations and other relevant institutions should contribute to organizing seminars and other important events to teach these adolescents how to make the best out of these platforms.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.
| S-EPMC11809044 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized as deficiencies in phenylalanine hydroxylase, leading to neurotoxic effects and neurodevelopmental challenges. Sleep, crucial for cognitive and behavioral development, remains underexplored in PKU populations. This study evaluates sleep characteristics and influencing factors in school-aged children with PKU compared to those with hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) and healthy controls. A total of 101 children aged 5-10 years participated: 37 with PKU, 31 with HPA, and 33 healthy controls. Sleep quality and disturbances were assessed using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and parent-reported data. Additional factors, including phenylalanine levels and sleep hygiene practices, were analyzed. Despite no significant differences in total CSHQ scores across groups, children with PKU exhibited unique patterns, such as being less likely to awaken by himself or herself. Phenylalanine levels showed no significant correlations with overall sleep characteristics, except for an association with reduced sleep anxiety. Distinct sleep hygiene influences emerged in the HPA and control groups, while no such relationships were observed in PKU. This study underscores the complexity of sleep disturbances in PKU, highlighting the need for future research integrating biological, behavioral, and environmental factors. Identifying determinants of sleep problems will aid in developing tailored interventions to enhance the quality of life for patients with PKU. What is known: • Children with PKU, in addition to the risks associated with chronic illness, may be more susceptible to sleep disturbances due to metabolic and neurochemical imbalances. • Prior studies on PKU and sleep have mainly focused on adult populations, with limited data available for school-aged children. What is new: • The sleep characteristics of PKU, HPA, and healthy controls were generally similar, except for awakening by themselves. • Distinct sleep hygiene influences were identified in the HPA and control groups, while no such associations were observed in the PKU group, highlighting the need for a broader perspective to explore alternative biological, behavioral, and environmental factors affecting sleep regulation in PKU.
| S-EPMC11882617 | biostudies-literature
Project description:For young people attending school, social jetlag (SJL) refers to discrepancy in sleep/wake timing between school days and weekends. This study investigated SJL in school-aged children and adolescents in England and whether this is associated with age, gender, and sleep habits including bedtimes and electronic media use. Students (school y 5-13; typical age 9-18 y) completed the 2021 OxWell Student Survey. In total 19,760 participants (55% female) reported on sleep/wake timing, rules concerning bedtime setting on school night/weekend, electronic media curfew, and frequency of social media use and video gaming before sleep intention. The mean SJL was 1 h 53 min (SD = 1 h 7 min) and peaked at 2 h 7 min at age 15. Multiple regression analysis revealed SJL was positively associated with age and being male was associated with slightly lower SJL than being female. After controlling for age and gender, weekend bedtime setting (β = 0.21), frequency of social media use before sleep (β = 0.16) and video gaming before sleep (β = 0.12) were the strongest predictors of SJL. Findings suggest that household rules regarding weekend bedtimes and less electronic media use before sleep may be connected with lower SJL as well as more regular sleep timing across the whole week.
| S-EPMC11854036 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesTo analyse the association of sedentary behaviour patterns with dietary and lifestyle habits among public school teachers.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsA sample of 245 teachers (186 women and 59 men) with mean age of 45.2 (±10.4) were randomly selected from public schools.Primary and secondary outcome measureSedentary behaviour was assessed by hours spent watching television, computer and cellphone/tablet use and in sitting position. Sedentary breaks were reported in a Likert scale in domains of work and leisure time. Dietary habits were assessed by weekly consumption of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, fried foods, sweets, grains, cereals, white meat, soft drinks and snacks. Physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption and socioeconomic status were assessed by using questionnaires.ResultsThe prevalence of high sedentary behaviour, high sedentary breaks at work and at leisure was 57.9%, 67.7% and 70.2% in the sample, respectively. No relationship was observed of high sedentary behaviour with dietary and lifestyle habits in adjusted analysis. However, high sedentary breaks at work were associated with high consumption of dairy products (OR=1.93 (CI 1.07 to 3.51)) and cereals (OR=2.49 (CI 1.05 to 5.92)) and with being high physically active (OR=2.57 (CI 1.14 to 5.77)). High sedentary breaks at leisure time were associated with high consumption of fruits (OR=2.33 (CI 1.28 to 4.23)) and vegetables (OR=1.91 (CI 1.05 to 3.49)) and with be high physically active (OR=2.34 (CI 1.03 to 5.35)). High sedentary breaks were associated with better dietary habits even among teachers with high sedentary behaviour.ConclusionHigh sedentary breaks were associated with better dietary habits and with high levels of physical activity among public school teachers, even those with high sedentary behaviour.
| S-EPMC7045133 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionExcessive social media (SM) usage is the foremost factor contributing to anxiety. While these platforms facilitate connection and entertainment, their overuse can negatively impact adolescents' mental well-being. The study aimed to evaluate both SM usage and levels of anxiety while assessing potential associations between the two.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 401 school-age adolescents (14-17 years) in grades 9 and 10 through self-administered questionnaires. Kruskal-Wallis test was used as a non-parametric test to compare the groups, and ordinal logistic regression was used to model the relationship between ordinal dependent and independent variables.ResultsThe study reported high SM usage (43.6% spent 4-8 hours daily). Females and grade 9 students were more prone to severe anxiety (45.2% and 34.3%, respectively). Despite privacy concerns (93.3%), 37.9% shared their accounts. Severe anxiety was prevalent (35.4%), with males exhibiting less odds of severe anxiety compared with females (OR=0.37, p value <0.001) and higher usage frequency and duration associated with increased anxiety (p<0.001 in the Kruskal-Wallis test). Those dependent on SM had 1.15 times higher odds of severe anxiety, while those not taking breaks showed lesser anxiety (OR=0.89, β=-0.10).ConclusionsInvolvement of adolescents in SM is associated with their anxiety levels, with factors like gender, usage patterns, and behaviours on these platforms playing important roles. This emphasises the need to understand how SM affects mental well-being and highlights the impact of their usage behaviours and concerns about privacy.
| S-EPMC11812821 | biostudies-literature