Fibroblast Activation Protein-α and the Immune Landscape: Unraveling T1 Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Progression.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objective

The tumor microenvironment (TME) in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) plays an important role in the anticancer response. We aimed to identify the prognostic biomarkers in the TME of patients with NMIBC for progression to ≥T2.

Methods

From our institutional database, 40 patients with T1 high-risk NMIBC who progressed were pair matched for Club Urologico Español de Tratamiento Oncologico (CUETO) progression variables with 80 patients who never progressed despite longer follow-up. Progression was defined as ≥T2 or extravesical disease. Patients were treated at least with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induction (five or more of six doses). Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers for the TME were used on tissue at first T1 diagnosis: CD8-PanCK, GZMB-

SUBMITTER: Muilwijk T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11263494 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature