Gender roles and gender norms associated with psychological distress in women and men among the Dutch general population.

ABSTRACT: Women report more psychological distress than men, which may be related to both biological sex and socio-cultural gender. We tested whether associations between gender and distress differ for women and men. The cross-sectional sample consisted of 678 Dutch people (54% women). Gender roles were assessed as masculinity and femininity. A composite gender norm score was calculated by summing gendered sociodemographics. Multivariate regressions examined sex, gender, and their interaction for depressive symptoms, anxiety, and perceived stress, additionally adjusted. Women reported more psychological distress. People scoring higher on masculine gender roles, but not feminine gender roles, reported lower psychological distress. A higher gender norm score was related to more depressive symptoms and

SUBMITTER: Mommersteeg PM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11292987 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature