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Hematological abnormality and associated factors in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia before and after phototherapy at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to assess the magnitude of hematological toxicity and associated factors in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to December 2023. A total of 247 newborns were included. The data were collected using questionnaires and a data extraction sheet. Four 4 ml of blood was collected. A Sysmex KX-21 analyzer was used for blood analysis, and a Mindray BS-240 analyzer was used for bilirubin measurement. The data were entered into Epi-data and analyzed by SPSS. The logistic regression was used. The P value was set at 0.05. Before phototherapy, the hematological toxicities, such as anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia, were 45.7%, 22.2%, and 6.1%, respectively, whereas after phototherapy, anemia and thrombocytopenia, significantly increased, but the leucopenia, significantly decreased. The risk of developing anemia increased, 3.5, 2.7, and 2.1-fold among newborns with bilirubin > 18 mg/dl, with Rh blood group incompatibility, and treated with intensive phototherapy, respectively. Both low birth weight and intensive phototherapy increased the incidence of thrombocytopenia by 2 and 3.4-fold, respectively. Hematological toxicity was found to be a severe public health issue in newborns. Thus, strict follow-up and early detection of toxicity by considering aggravation factors are necessary.

SUBMITTER: Berta DM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11303718 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hematological abnormality and associated factors in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia before and after phototherapy at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.

Berta Dereje Mengesha DM Woldu Berhanu B Yalew Aregawi A Chane Elias E Tamir Mebratu M Cherie Negesse N Angelo Abiy Ayele AA Mulatie Zewudu Z Alemayehu Ermiyas E Kassie Adamu A Teketelew Bisrat Birke BB

Scientific reports 20240806 1

This study aimed to assess the magnitude of hematological toxicity and associated factors in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to December 2023. A total of 247 newborns were included. The data were collected using questionnaires and a data extraction sheet. Four 4 ml of blood was collected. A Sysmex KX-21 analyzer was used for blood analysis, and a Mindray BS-240 analyzer was used for bilirubin measurement. The data were entered into Epi-data and ...[more]

PMID: 39107448

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Project description:BackgroundMetabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interconnected metabolic diseases. Hematological abnormalities are common but neglected complications of MetS. Thus, this study aimed to determine the magnitude of hematological abnormalities and their associated factors among MetS patients at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital from March to May 2022. A total of 384 MetS patients were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaires and checklists. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken, and blood sample was collected for complete blood count determination. Stool and blood film examinations were performed to detect intestinal and malaria parasites, respectively. Data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and analyzed by Stata 14.0 software. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with hematological abnormalities. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe magnitude of anemia, leukopenia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and thrombocytosis was found to be 13.3%, 0.5%, 2.9%, 1.6%, and 2.3%, respectively. Being male (AOR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.14, 6.20), rural residency (AOR = 5.79, 95% CI: 1.72, 19.51), taking antihypertensive medications (AOR = 3.85, 95% CI: 1.16, 12.78), having elevated triglyceride level (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.03, 4.75), and being overweight or obese (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.64) were significantly associated with anemia.ConclusionsAnemia was the most prevalent hematological abnormality identified in the present study, followed by leukocytosis and thrombocytosis. Anemia was a mild public health problem among MetS patients in the study area. Routine anemia screening for all MetS patients, especially for those with significant associated factors, may help in the early detection and effective management of anemia, which subsequently improves the patients' quality of life.

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Project description:BackgroundPhototherapy is a common treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, however it generates reactive oxygen species and induces apoptosis, potentially influencing blood cells. Assessing changes in hematological parameters is essential to minimize complications and enhance outcomes.ObjectiveThis study assessed hematological parameters changes and associated factors in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia undergoing phototherapy.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from May 29 to November 8, 2023. About 246 neonates were selected by convenient sampling. Blood samples were collected before and after phototherapy. Data were entered into Epi-data (4.6.0) and analyzed using SPSS (25.0). The normality of the data was checked by Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. A paired t-test and Wilcoxon Sign Rank test were used to compare mean differences for normally distributed and skewed data, respectively. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions were used to measure the association. A significance level of p < 0.05 was used for statistical significance.ResultAmong neonates, 141 (57.3%) were males, and the median age was 2 days. Phototherapy treatment led to significant increases in WBC and lymphocyte count, 11.02 ± 2.21 to 11.35 ± 2.60, and 3.93 ± 1.19 to 4.16 ± 1.34, respectively. However, hemoglobin and platelet count significantly decreased from 15.05 ± 3.67 to 14.55 ± 2.62, and 243.23 ± 74.78 to 239.32 ± 73.29, respectively. Other blood cell parameters were unaffected. WBC and lymphocytes showed a positive association with preterm neonates and intensive phototherapy, while WBC count showed a negative association with total bilirubin. Hemoglobin counts are positively associated with total bilirubin but negatively associated with neonate age and treatment duration. Platelet count showed negative associations with low-birth-weight neonates, intensive phototherapy, and treatment duration. After treatment, normocytic normochromic cells increased, microcytic hypochromic decreased, and abnormal RBC shapes were reduced.ConclusionPhototherapy significantly affected key hematological parameters, notably WBC, lymphocytes, hemoglobin, and platelet count. Treating neonates with intensive phototherapy affects WBC and platelet counts while undergoing phototherapy for a longer duration affects hemoglobin and platelet counts. Therefore, routine monitoring of these parameters is crucial for neonates undergoing intensive or prolonged phototherapy.

Dataset Information

Hematological abnormality and associated factors in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia before and after phototherapy at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.

Publications

Hematological abnormality and associated factors in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia before and after phototherapy at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.

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