High Variability on Alcohol Intake Threshold in Articles Using the MAFLD Acronym.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Hernandez-Tejero M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11308239 | biostudies-literature | 2024
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
High Variability on Alcohol Intake Threshold in Articles Using the MAFLD Acronym.
Hernandez-Tejero Maria M Ravi Samhita S Behari Jaideep J Arteel Gavin E GE Arab Juan Pablo JP Bataller Ramon R
Gastro hep advances 20230903 1
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Project description:Background and aimsBoth high alcohol intake and alcohol dependence increase mortality, and both are associated with smoking. We aimed to compare the associations of quantity of alcohol, number of alcohol-related symptoms and smoking history with all-cause mortality, and to assess symptom count and smoking history as confounders or mediators of the effects of high alcohol intake.DesignSurvival was analysed by Cox regression with sex, body mass index, alcohol intake (overall and by beverage), maximum drinks on any day, alcohol symptom count and smoking status as potential predictors of age at death.SettingAustralia.ParticipantsParticipants were apparently healthy volunteers consisting of 33 593 Australian adult twins and their relatives who completed questionnaires or interviews between 1979 and 2005.MeasurementsData on alcohol use, smoking and occurrence of symptoms related to alcohol use disorders and death records from the Australian National Death Index.FindingsA total of 3764 participants were matched with deaths occurring within Australia up to July 2014. Individually, alcohol intake [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.0082, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0063-1.0102, per drink per week], beer intake (HR = 1.0159, 95% CI = 1.0123-1.0195, per drink per week), life-time maximum number of drinks in 1 day (HR = 1.0176, 95% CI = 1.0130-1.0221, per drink), symptom count (HR = 1.0867, 95% CI = 1.0633-1.1106, per symptom) and smoking status (HR = 2.82, 95% CI = 2.52-3.16 for smokers of 10+ cigarettes/day versus never-smokers) were each significant predictors of all-cause mortality. After adjustment for the independently significant predictors alcohol symptom count and smoking status, alcohol intake was no longer significant (adjusted HR = 1.0012 per drink per week, 95% CI = 0.9979-1.0145).ConclusionsNumber of symptoms related to high alcohol intake and tobacco smoking appear to account for the positive association between alcohol consumption and premature mortality.
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Project description:ObjectivesSince 25th March 2020 India went into a complete and extended lockdown. Alcohol production, sales, and purchase were barred with this overnight prohibition order. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the media reports published within the first month of the nationwide lockdown with the objectives (a) using the media reports as indications of possible public health impact and population response of a sudden alcohol prohibition in India, (b) suggesting areas for future research.MethodsWe performed thematic and content analysis of 350 articles published online in national newspapers between the 26th March, 2020 and 25th April, 2020. Initial inductive, followed by deductive coding was done in this exploratory thematic analysis.ResultsThe thematic analysis revealed four main themes: the beneficial aspects of the policy, the harmful aspects of the policy, non-compliance and attempts to change and / or subvert the policy, popularity and level of public buy-in of the policy. We generated relevant sub-themes under main themes. Two additional themes, not directly related to the sudden prohibition, were use of stigmatizing language and ethical concerns. The content analysis showed the frequency of the appearance of the main themes and proportions of sub-themes and codes under those main themes.ConclusionThe harms, perceived from the media reports, should be balanced against the potential benefits. Absence of a national-level alcohol policy was made apparent by the reflexive, disconnected, and conflictual measures. Future research could systematically examine the potential ramifications of alcohol prohibition on public health, social, and economic aspects.
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