[18F]FSPG-PET provides an early marker of radiotherapy response in head and neck squamous cell cancer.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sambasivan K
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11315666 | biostudies-literature | 2024
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
[<sup>18</sup>F]FSPG-PET provides an early marker of radiotherapy response in head and neck squamous cell cancer.
Sambasivan Khrishanthne K Tyrrell Will E WE Farooq Rizwan R Mynerich Jenasee J Edwards Richard S RS Tanc Muhammet M Urbano Teresa Guerrero TG Witney Timothy H TH
Npj imaging 20240809 1
The ability to image early treatment response to radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) will enable the identification of radioresistant tumor volumes suitable for treatment intensification. Here, we propose the system x<sub>c</sub> <sup>-</sup> radiotracer (4<i>S</i>)-4-(3-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoropropyl)-L-glutamate ([<sup>18</sup>F]FSPG) as a non-invasive method to monitor radiation response in HNSCC. We assessed temporal changes in cell death, antioxidant status, and [<su ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:IntroductionAmyloid-β (Aβ) plaques is a significant hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), detectable via amyloid-PET imaging. The Fluorine-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) PET scan tracks cerebral glucose metabolism, correlated with synaptic dysfunction and disease progression and is complementary for AD diagnosis. Dual-scan acquisitions of amyloid PET allows the possibility to use early-phase amyloid-PET as a biomarker for neurodegeneration, proven to have a good correlation to [18F]FDG PET. The aim of this study was to evaluate the added value of synthesizing the later from the former through deep learning (DL), aiming at reducing the number of PET scans, radiation dose, and discomfort to patients.MethodsA total of 166 subjects including cognitively unimpaired individuals (N = 72), subjects with mild cognitive impairment (N = 73) and dementia (N = 21) were included in this study. All underwent T1-weighted MRI, dual-phase amyloid PET scans using either Fluorine-18 Florbetapir ([18F]FBP) or Fluorine-18 Flutemetamol ([18F]FMM), and an [18F]FDG PET scan. Two transformer-based DL models called SwinUNETR were trained separately to synthesize the [18F]FDG from early phase [18F]FBP and [18F]FMM (eFBP/eFMM). A clinical similarity score (1: no similarity to 3: similar) was assessed to compare the imaging information obtained by synthesized [18F]FDG as well as eFBP/eFMM to actual [18F]FDG. Quantitative evaluations include region wise correlation and single-subject voxel-wise analyses in comparison with a reference [18F]FDG PET healthy control database. Dice coefficients were calculated to quantify the whole-brain spatial overlap between hypometabolic ([18F]FDG PET) and hypoperfused (eFBP/eFMM) binary maps at the single-subject level as well as between [18F]FDG PET and synthetic [18F]FDG PET hypometabolic binary maps.ResultsThe clinical evaluation showed that, in comparison to eFBP/eFMM (average of clinical similarity score (CSS) = 1.53), the synthetic [18F]FDG images are quite similar to the actual [18F]FDG images (average of CSS = 2.7) in terms of preserving clinically relevant uptake patterns. The single-subject voxel-wise analyses showed that at the group level, the Dice scores improved by around 13% and 5% when using the DL approach for eFBP and eFMM, respectively. The correlation analysis results indicated a relatively strong correlation between eFBP/eFMM and [18F]FDG (eFBP: slope = 0.77, R2 = 0.61, P-value < 0.0001); eFMM: slope = 0.77, R2 = 0.61, P-value < 0.0001). This correlation improved for synthetic [18F]FDG (synthetic [18F]FDG generated from eFBP (slope = 1.00, R2 = 0.68, P-value < 0.0001), eFMM (slope = 0.93, R2 = 0.72, P-value < 0.0001)).ConclusionWe proposed a DL model for generating the [18F]FDG from eFBP/eFMM PET images. This method may be used as an alternative for multiple radiotracer scanning in research and clinical settings allowing to adopt the currently validated [18F]FDG PET normal reference databases for data analysis.
| S-EPMC11445334 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background(S)-4-(3-18F-Fluoropropyl)-ʟ-glutamic acid ([18F]FSPG) is a positron emission tomography radiotracer used to image system xc-, an antiporter that is upregulated in several cancers. Not only does imaging system xc- with [18F]FSPG identify tumours, but it can also provide an early readout of response and resistance to therapy. Unfortunately, the clinical production of [18F]FSPG has been hampered by a lack of robust, cGMP-compliant methods. Here, we report the automated synthesis of [18F]FSPG on the Trasis AllinOne™, overcoming previous limitations to provide a user-friendly method ready for clinical adoption.ResultsThe optimised method provided [18F]FSPG in 33.5 ± 4.9% radiochemical yield in just 35 min when starting with 18-25 GBq. Importantly, this method could be scaled up to > 100 GBq starting activity with only a modest reduction in radiochemical yield, providing [18F]FSPG with a molar activity of 372 ± 65 GBq/µmol and excellent radiochemical purity (96.8 ± 1.1%). The formulated product was stable when produced with these high starting activities.ConclusionsWe have developed the first automated synthesis of [18F]FSPG on the Trasis AllinOne™. The method produces [18F]FSPG with excellent radiochemical purity and in high amounts suitable for large clinical trials and off-site distribution. The method expands the number of synthesis modules capable of producing [18F]FSPG and has been carefully designed for cGMP compliance to simplify regulatory approval for clinical production. The methods developed for the purification of high-activity [18F]FSPG are transferrable and should aid the development of clinical [18F]FSPG productions on other synthesis modules.
| S-EPMC11748660 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimThe objective of this study was to compare the detection rates of [18F]PSMA-1007 and [18F]Fluciclovine in early biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer, i.e. with low prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (0.2-5.0 µg/L).MethodsThis was a prospective, single-center (Radboudumc; Nijmegen, The Netherlands), comparative phase II diagnostic imaging study (NCT04239742). The main inclusion criteria were histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate, BCR after radical treatment with two consecutive (rising) PSA values (0.2-5.0 µg/L). Patients underwent both [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT and [18F]Fluciclovine PET/CT within two weeks. Both scans were blindly scored by three independent nuclear medicine physicians. Hereafter, a result per scan and region was generated by consensus. The primary outcome was to compare the detection rate on a patient and region level. Secondary objectives were to determine detection rate stratified for PSA value, inter-reader agreement, and SUV measurements. For lesion confirmation a composite reference score was established using follow-up data.ResultsData of fifty patients were included, median age of 71 (IQR: 67-74) years and median PSA value of 0.38 (IQR: 0.30-1.55) µg/L. Detection rates were 68% (34/50) for [18F]PSMA-1007 and 42% (21/50) for [18F]Fluciclovine on a patient level (p < 0.001). Detection rates stratified for PSA value of [18F]PSMA-1007 in comparison with [18F]Fluciclovine were for PSA 0.2-0.5 µg/L; 60.7% versus 25.0% (p = 0.002); and for PSA ≥ 0.5 µg/L; 77.3% versus 63.6% (p = 0.250). There was a trend for higher inter-reader agreement with [18F]PSMA-1007. SUVmax (p < 0.001) was significantly higher for [18F]PSMA-1007 in comparison to [18F]Fluciclovine.ConclusionIn patients with early BCR of prostate cancer after radical surgery or radiotherapy, [18F]PSMA-1007 demonstrated a significantly higher detection rate than [18F]Fluciclovine. This is particularly relevant since earlier and more accurate detection of a BCR can guide salvage therapy into a tailored strategy which may improve outcomes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04239742. Registered 02 January 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04239742 .
| S-EPMC11599519 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThis meta-analysis aims to compare the diagnostic efficacy of [18F]FDG PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/MRI in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsAn extensive literature search was conducted throughout the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for works accessible through September 2024. We included studies assessed the diagnostic efficacy of [18F]FDG PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/MRI in NSCLC.ResultsThe meta-analysis includes six studies with a total of 437 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of [18F]FDG PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/MRI for detecting lymph node metastasis were similar, at 0.82 (0.68-0.94) vs. 0.86 (0.70-0.97) and 0.88 (0.76-0.96) vs. 0.90 (0.85-0.94), respectively, with no significant differences (p = 0.70 for sensitivity, p = 0.75 for specificity). For distant metastasis, the sensitivity of [18F]FDG PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/MRI was 0.86 (0.60-1.00) and 0.93 (0.63-1.00), and specificity was 0.89 (0.65-1.00) vs. 0.90 (0.64-1.00), respectively, also showing no significant differences (p = 0.66 for sensitivity, p = 0.97 for specificity).ConclusionOur meta-analysis shows that [18F]FDG PET/MRI has similar sensitivity and specificity to [18F]FDG PET/CT in identifying lymph node and distant metastases in patients with NSCLC. Additional larger sample prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023479817, CRD42023479817.
| S-EPMC11769939 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFluorine 18-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (18F-FAPI-04) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has shown promise for the visualization of advanced stage lung cancer. The accuracy of 18F-FAPI-04 compared with that of fluorine-18 labeled-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in detecting early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unknown. Taking the surgical pathology of pulmonary nodule as the gold standard, the diagnostic performance of stage IA LUAD were compared between 18F-FAPI-04 PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT, and the correlation between 18F-FAPI-04 uptake and pathological characteristics of stage IA LUAD.MethodsThis prospective study from February 2023 to October 2023 analyzed patients with stage IA LUAD who underwent simultaneous examinations with 18F-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG PET/CT. Semi-quantitative parameters such as maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), FAPI avid tumor volume (FTV), and total lesion FAP expression (TLF) were calculated. The two patterns were compared using either a paired Student's t-test or a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for detecting fibroblast activating protein (FAP) expression was performed in all resected tumor specimens. Correlation analysis was performed between 18F-FAPI-04 uptake and pathological features of stage IA LUAD.ResultsA total of 20 patients diagnosed with stage IA LUAD were included in this study. A total of 24 pulmonary nodules were identified in these 20 patients, all of whom were confirmed to have stage IA LUAD through operation and pathology. Of them, 17 nodules were stained by FAP immunohistochemistry. Compared with 18F-FDG, 18F-FAPI-04 PET/CT showed a statistically significant increase in SUVmax and TBR for stage IA LUAD, both in the overall and stratified analyses (adenocarcinoma in situ + minimally invasive adenocarcinoma groups vs. invasive adenocarcinoma groups; moderately vs. well-differentiated lesions; stage IA1 vs. IA2+3; P<0.05). The SUVmax of the intense FAP expression group was significantly higher than that of the mild FAP expression group, demonstrating a statistically significant difference (P=0.005). The FAP-IHC score was positively correlated with the SUVmax of 18F-FAPI-04 (r=0.64, P=0.005).Conclusions18F-FAPI-04 PET/CT demonstrates higher SUVmax and TBR than 18F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of stage IA LUAD. It was re-assured that the 18F-FAPI-04 uptake of stage IA LUAD was positively correlated with the expression of FAP in vitro.
| S-EPMC11898335 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThis meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the comparative diagnostic accuracy of [18F]FDG PET/CT versus [18F]FDG PET/MRI in identifying lymph node metastases in individuals with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.MethodsA comprehensive search was executed across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science through September 2023 to identify studies evaluating the diagnostic precision of [18F]FDG PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/MRI in detecting lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed through the DerSimonian-Laird method, incorporating the Freeman-Tukey transformation.ResultsThe meta-analysis encompassed nine articles, involving a total of 916 patients. The overall sensitivity and specificity of [18F]FDG PET were 0.95 (95%CI: 0.88-1.00) and 0.95 (95%CI: 0.84-1.00). The overall sensitivity of [18F]FDG PET/CT was 0.94 (95%CI, 0.85-0.99), whereas [18F]FDG PET/MRI achieved a sensitivity of 1.00 (95%CI, 0.94-1.00). The findings reveal that [18F]FDG PET/CT demonstrates comparable sensitivity to [18F]FDG PET/MRI (p = 0.20). The overall specificity of [18F]FDG PET/CT was 0.94 (95%CI, 0.82-1.00), whereas [18F]FDG PET/MRI exhibited a specificity of 0.98 (95%CI, 0.93-1.00). Additionally, the results suggest that [18F]FDG PET/CT offers similar specificity to [18F]FDG PET/MRI (p = 0.11).Conclusion[18F]FDG PET demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in identifying lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Furthermore, [18F]FDG PET/CT exhibits comparable sensitivity and specificity to [18F]FDG PET/MRI.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=496006, PROSPERO (CRD42024496006).
| S-EPMC11521955 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTreatment of pediatric cancers with doxorubicin is a common and predictable cause of cardiomyopathy. Early diagnosis of treatment-induced cardiotoxicity and intervention are major determinants for the prevention of advanced disease. The onset of cardiomyopathies is often accompanied by profound changes in lipid metabolism, including an enhanced uptake of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Therefore, we explored the utility of 2-[18F]fluoropropionic acid ([18F]FPA), an SCFA analog, as an imaging biomarker of cardiac injury in mice exposed to doxorubicin.ProceduresCardiotoxicity and cardiac dysfunction were induced in mice by an 8-dose regimen of doxorubicin (cumulative dose 24 mg/kg) administered over 14 days. The effects of doxorubicin exposure were assessed by measurement of heart weights, left ventricular ejection fractions, and blood cardiac troponin levels. Whole body and cardiac [18F]FPA uptakes were determined by PET and tissue gamma counting in the presence or absence of AZD3965, a pharmacological inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1). Radiation absorbed doses were estimated using tissue time-activity concentrations.ResultsSignificantly higher cardiac [18F]FPA uptake was observed in doxorubicin-treated animals. This uptake remained constant from 30 to 120 min post-injection. Pharmacological inhibition of MCT1-mediated transport by AZD3965 selectively decreased the uptake of [18F]FPA in tissues other than the heart. Co-administration of [18F]FPA and AZD3965 enhanced the imaging contrast of the diseased heart while reducing overall exposure to radioactivity.Conclusions[18F]FPA, especially when co-administered with AZD3965, is a new tool for imaging changes in fatty acid metabolism occurring in response to doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by PET.
| S-EPMC11805620 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background18F-Florbetaben amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scan is crucial for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease, typically involving a 20 min acquisition. However, maintaining such prolonged scans can be challenging in some cases. This study explores the diagnostic impact and feasibility of reducing scan durations by comparing quantitative measures between shortened and standard scans. Additionally, we identified the optimal Centiloid threshold to distinguish between positive and negative amyloid results.ResultsWe analyzed 307 PET scans from our memory clinic, each followed up for a minimum of two years. The scans, conducted 90 to 110 min after approximately 300 MBq of 18F-Florbetaben injection, were categorized into four sets of 5 min durations: 5, 10, 15, and 20 min. Nuclear medicine physicians validated and rated each scan as either amyloid-positive or negative. For quantitative assessments, we employed the standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) and Centiloid scales, comparing total SUVR and Centiloid values across five subregions (global, frontal, posterior cingulate-precuneus, lateral temporal, and parietal) using Bland-Altman analysis. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to develop optimal Centiloid thresholds. Comparing the images at 5, 10, 15, and 20 min images, SUVR and Centiloid values gradually increased with prolonged scan times. The mean SUVR difference between 5 and 20 min was 0.03 for the amyloid-positive and 0.01 for the amyloid-negative groups; Centiloid differences were 4.60 and 2.38, respectively. Additionally, no significant variation was observed in total SUVR and Centiloid values among the durations across all subregions in positive and negative groups (all p > 0.1). ROC analysis indicated that a Centiloid threshold of 21.86 at 5 min provided optimal agreement with visual assessments (AUC = 0.985, sensitivity = 0.950, specificity = 0.972), especially using the global area.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that 5 min image scans with an optimal threshold of CL = 21.86 exhibited minimal bias in SUVR and Centiloid values compared to longer scans (10, 15, and 20 min). Our findings suggest that shorter scan times are a viable and effective option for brain amyloid PET imaging in clinical settings.
| S-EPMC11582261 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT is emerging as a tool in the diagnosis and evaluation of pulmonary sarcoidosis, however, there is limited consensus regarding its diagnostic performance and prognostic value.MethodA meta-analysis was conducted with PubMed, Science Direct, MEDLINE, Scopus, and CENTRAL databases searched up to and including September 2023. 1355 studies were screened, with seventeen (n = 708 patients) suitable based on their assessment of the diagnostic performance or prognostic value of FDG-PET/CT. Study quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Forest plots of pooled sensitivity and specificity were generated to assess diagnostic performance. Pooled changes in SUVmax were correlated with changes in pulmonary function tests (PFT).ResultsFDG-PET/CT in diagnosing suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis (six studies, n = 400) had a pooled sensitivity of 0.971 (95%CI 0.909-1.000, p = < 0.001) and specificity of 0.873 (95%CI 0.845-0.920)(one study, n = 169). Eleven studies for prognostic analysis (n = 308) indicated a pooled reduction in pulmonary SUVmax of 4.538 (95%CI 5.653-3.453, p = < 0.001) post-treatment. PFTs displayed improvement post-treatment with a percentage increase in predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) of 7.346% (95%CI 2.257-12.436, p = 0.005) and 3.464% (95%CI -0.205-7.132, p = 0.064), respectively. Reduction in SUVmax correlated significantly with FVC (r = 0.644, p < 0.001) and DLCO (r = 0.582, p < 0.001) improvement.ConclusionIn cases of suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis, FDG-PET/CT demonstrated good diagnostic performance and correlated with functional health scores. FDG-PET/CT may help to guide immunosuppression in cases of complex sarcoidosis or where treatment rationalisation is needed.Clinical relevance statementFDG-PET/CT has demonstrated a high diagnostic performance in the evaluation of suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis with radiologically assessed disease activity correlating strongly with clinically derived pulmonary function tests.Key pointsIn diagnosing pulmonary sarcoidosis, FDG-PET/CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 0.971 and 0.873, respectively. Disease activity, as determined by SUVmax, reduced following treatment in all the included studies. Reduction in SUVmax correlated with an improvement in functional vital capacity, Diffusion Capacity of the Lungs for Carbon Monoxide, and subjective health scoring systems.
| S-EPMC11913913 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSecond-generation tau tracers for positron emission tomography (PET) show high affinity for paired helical filaments tau deposits characteristic of Alzheimer´s disease and low off-target binding. Differences in their chemical structure though may lead to variations in their regional tau uptake and off-target signal. In this work, we aimed to compare the in-vivo uptake of tau tracers [18F]PI-2620 and [18F]RO948 in the early stages of the AD continuum.MethodsData from the TAU-PET FACEHBI clinical trial (EUDRA-CT 2021-000473-83) were analyzed. All participants were non-demented and underwent tau imaging with [18F]PI-2620 and [18F]RO948 PET within 3 months, amyloid imaging with [18F]Florbetaben and brain magnetic resonance imaging. Tau PET standardized uptake values ratios (SUVR) were calculated in Braak and typical off-target regions using the inferior cerebellar cortex as a reference region.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 18 individuals with subjective cognitive decline (n = 13) and mild cognitive impairment (n = 5), with centiloid values ranging from 17 to 159. Both tau tracers showed similar tau pathology distribution but presented a distinct off-target signal pattern on visual read. SUVR measurements for [18F]PI-2620 and [18F]RO948 were highly correlated in all Braak regions (R2 range [0.65-0.80]). Regarding off-target signal, [18F]PI-2620 had higher SUVRs in vascular structures, and [18F]RO948 had higher SUVRs in the skull/meninges.ConclusionsIn a cohort of individuals at early stages of the AD continuum, tau PET tracers [18F]PI-2620 and [18F]RO948 showed similar in-vivo uptake in all Braak regions and distinct off-target signal. These preliminary results support the development of standardized quantification scales for tau deposition that are tracer-independent.Trial registrationAEMPS EudraCT 2021-000473-83. Registered 30 December 2021.
| S-EPMC11603960 | biostudies-literature