Radiological diagnosis and management of congenital bladder diverticulum in pediatric patients.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Tao C
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11320504 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Radiological diagnosis and management of congenital bladder diverticulum in pediatric patients.
Tao Chengpin C Cao Yongsheng Y Zhang Tao T
Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery 20240726 8
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Project description:A bladder diverticulum can be the consequence of a congenital abnormality or acquired as a result of trauma, infection, or outlet obstruction. Many are asymptomatic, but some may present with complications such as urinary tract infection, hematuria, or urinary retention. A 76-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED) for the second visit in one week with a chief complaint of urinary retention and lower abdominal pain. He had not voided since the prior night, when he had presented to the ED for the same compliant. During his initial visit, his symptoms were relieved by insertion of an in-&-out foley catheter. Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) of the bladder showed the appearance of two enlarged vertically aligned "bladders" with a central connection, concerning for a bladder diverticulum. Patient's cause of bladder diverticulum was found to be secondary to outlet obstruction, specifically benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). An indwelling foley catheter was inserted, and the patient was discharged home with instructions for urology follow up. The purpose of this report is to describe an anatomical anomaly of a bladder diverticulum presenting incidentally on Point of Care Ultrasound during routine workup of urinary retention.TopicsUrinary bladder diverticulum, urinary retention, benign prostatic hypertrophy, POCUS, case report.
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Project description:Congenital left ventricular diverticulum is a rare cardiac malformation characterized by a localized outpouching from the cardiac chamber. The patient is usually asymptomatic. However, complications like embolism, infective endocarditis, arrhythmia and, rarely, rupture can be the initial presentation. Diagnosis can be established by USG, echocardiography, CT angiography, and MRI. We report here two neonates with congenital left ventricular apical diverticulum associated with epigastric hernia.
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Project description:Left ventricular (LV) diverticulum is a relatively rare condition, and it is important to differentiate it from pseudoaneurysm. The increasing use of noninvasive imaging modalities can help to demonstrate different types of ventricular outpouching structures. We report a case of congenital LV diverticulum that is much larger than the usual size and is diagnosed with tissue Doppler echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Although a ventricular diverticulum is mostly asymptomatic, in the case of this particular patient, it has become complicated with infective endocarditis. <Learning objective: Congenital ventricular diverticulum is a rare finding and can be diagnosed with noninvasive imaging modalities such as tissue Doppler echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging rather than surgery. Although congenital ventricular diverticulum is asymptomatic in most cases, infective endocarditis is a known complication.>.
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Project description:AimThe aim of our study was to identify chromosomal imbalances by whole-genome microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) in DNA samples of children in which karyotype results cannot be obtained. The present paper describes the first Albanian experience of an array CGH application.Material and methodsThe cohort included seven children with developmental delay or intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism and congenital anomalies according to clinical criteria, suggestive of chromosomal anomalies. The age range was from newborn to five years old. The cytogenetic analysis determined by a standard method of G-banding according to the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN 2005) was performed for all our patients, while array CGH was performed on genomic DNA isolated from the blood of 7 cases.ResultsAmong the seven patients analysed with array CGH, three patients resulted in duplication and one deletion, one patient with a microdeletion and three patients with duplication. Array CGH facilitated the recognition of submicroscopic deletions and duplications as risk factors for genetic diagnosis in all our patients.ConclusionsOur case series with congenital chromosomal anomalies confirms the high diagnostic value of the method, as suggested by previous studies. The technique must be available also in less developed countries, to significantly improve the genetic diagnosis of paediatric patients with developmental delay or intellectual disability, congenital anomalies and dysmorphic features. The identification of chromosomal abnormalities in these patients and the genetic counselling will provide family members with an explanation for their child's developmental disability or birth defect, allowing better information about recurrence risks, and permit the anticipation of certain medical problems that require intervention.
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