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Chemical composition of indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 in the eastern Arabian Peninsula.

ABSTRACT: Water-soluble and trace metal species in fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) were determined for indoor and outdoor environments in Doha, Qatar. During the study period, PM_2.5 concentrations showed significant variability across several indoor locations ranging from 7.1 to 75.8 μg m^-3, while the outdoor mass concentration range was 34.7-154.4 µg m^-3. The indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 levels did not exhibit statistically significant correlation, suggesting efficient building envelope protection against outdoor PM_2.5 pollution. Rather than outdoor sources, human activities such as cooking, cleaning, and smoking were the most significant influence on chemical composition of indoor PM_2.5. NH₄⁺ concentration was insufficient to neutralize SO₄^2- indoors and outdoors, indicating the predominant presence of NH₄HSO₄. The enrichment factors indicated that outdoor Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, and Ni in PM_2.5 mostly originated from crustal sources. In contrast, the remaining outdoor trace metals (Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and V) were mainly derived from anthropogenic sources. The indoor/outdoor concentration ratios revealed significant indoor sources for NH₄⁺ and Cu. The crustal matter, water-soluble ions, and sea salt explained 42%, 21%, and 1% of the indoor PM_2.5 mass, respectively. The same groups sequentially constituted 41%, 16%, and 1% of the outdoor PM_2.5 mass.

SUBMITTER: Tutsak E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11324777 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Chemical composition of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 in the eastern Arabian Peninsula.

Tutsak Ersin E Alfoldy Balint B Mahfouz Mohamed M MM Al-Thani Jassem A JA Yigiterhan Oguz O Shahid Imran I Isaifan Rima J RJ Koçak Mustafa M

Environmental science and pollution research international 20240730 37

Water-soluble and trace metal species in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were determined for indoor and outdoor environments in Doha, Qatar. During the study period, PM2.5 concentrations showed significant variability across several indoor locations ranging from 7.1 to 75.8 μg m-3, while the outdoor mass concentration range was 34.7-154.4 µg m-3. The indoor and outdoor PM2.5 levels did not exhibit statistically significant correlation, sugge ...[more]

PMID: 39080166

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Project description:BackgroundIn-utero exposure to outdoor particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is linked with low birthweight. However, previous results are mixed, likely due to measurement error introduced by estimating personal exposure from ambient data. This study investigated the effect of total personal PM2.5 exposure on birthweight and whether it differed when it was more heavily impacted by sources of indoor vs outdoor origin in the MADRES cohort study.MethodsPersonal PM2.5 exposure was measured in 205 pregnant women in the 3rd trimester using 48 h integrated, filter-based sampling. Linear regression was used to test the association between personal PM2.5 exposure and birthweight, adjusting for key covariates. Interactions of PM2.5 with variables representing indoor sources of PM2.5, home ventilation, or time spent indoors tested whether the effect of total PM2.5 on birthweight varied when it was more impacted by sources of indoor vs outdoor origin.ResultsIn a sample of largely Hispanic (81%) pregnant women, total personal PM2.5 was not significantly associated with birthweight (β = 38.6 per 1SD increase in PM2.5; 95% CI:-21.1, 98.2). This association however, differed by home type (single family home: 156.9 (26.9, 287.0), 2-4 attached units:-16.6 (-111.9, 78.7), 5+ units:-62.6 (-184.9, 59.6), missing: 145.4 (-4.1, 294.9), interaction p = 0.028) and by household air conditioner use (none of the time: -27.6 (-101.5, 46.3) vs. some of the time: 139.9 (42.9, 237.0), interaction p = 0.008) Additionally, the effect of personal PM2.5 on birthweight varied by time spent indoors (none or little of the time: - 45.1 (-208.3, 118.1) vs. most or all of the time: 57.1 (-7.3, 121.6), interaction p = 0.255).ConclusionsWhile no significant association between total personal PM2.5 exposure and birthweight was found, there was evidence that multi-unit housing (vs. single-family homes), candle and/or incense smoke, and greater outdoor source contributions to personal PM2.5 were more strongly associated with lower birthweight.

Dataset Information

Chemical composition of indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 in the eastern Arabian Peninsula.

Publications

Chemical composition of indoor and outdoor PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the eastern Arabian Peninsula.

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