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A Heating and Cooling Stage With Fast Temporal Control for Biological Applications.

ABSTRACT: The study of biological processes involving live microscopy techniques requires adequate temperature control to respect the physiology of the organism under study. We present here a design strategy for a microscope temperature stage based on thermoelectric elements. The design allows the user to access a range of temperatures below and above room temperature and can accommodate samples of different geometries. In addition, by cooling simultaneously the sample insert and the objective, we minimize the temperature gradients along the sample for large magnification objectives requiring immersion oil. We illustrate how this design can be used to study the physiology of the zebrafish embryo over the temperature tolerance of this species. We envision that this device could benefit the communities using model and non-model organisms with physiological temperatures different from typical mammalian cell culture incubation in biomedical research.

SUBMITTER: Valet M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11329223 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Heating and Cooling Stage With Fast Temporal Control for Biological Applications.

Valet Manon M Iglesias-Artola Juan M JM Elsner Falk F Fritsch Anatol W AW Campas Otger O

IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology 20240712

The study of biological processes involving live microscopy techniques requires adequate temperature control to respect the physiology of the organism under study. We present here a design strategy for a microscope temperature stage based on thermoelectric elements. The design allows the user to access a range of temperatures below and above room temperature and can accommodate samples of different geometries. In addition, by cooling simultaneously the sample insert and the objective, we minimiz ...[more]

PMID: 39157062

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Project description:The aim of this research is to revise and substantially extend experimental modelling and control of a looped heating-cooling laboratory process with long input-output and internal delays under uncertainties. This research follows and extends the authors' recent results. As several significant improvements regarding robust modelling and control have been reached, the obtained results are provided with a link and comparison to the previous findings. First, an infinite-dimensional model based on mathematical-physical heat and mass transfer principles is developed. All important heat-fluid transport and control-signal delays are considered when assembling the model structure and relations of quantities. Model parameter values optimization based on the measurement data follows. When determining static model parameter values, all variations in steady-state measured data are taken into account simultaneously, which enhances previously obtained models. Values of dynamic model parameters and delays are further obtained by least mean square optimization. This innovative model is compared to two recently developed process models and to the best-fit model that ignores the measured variations. Controller structures are designed using algebraic tools for all four models. The designed controllers are robust in the sense of robust stability and performance. Both concepts are rigorously assessed, and the obtained conditions serve for controller parameter tuning. Two different control systems are assumed: the standard closed-loop feedback loop and the two-feedback-controllers control system. Numerous experimental measurements for nominal conditions and selected perturbations are performed. Obtained results are further analyzed via several criteria on manipulated input and controlled temperature. The designed controllers are compared to the Smith predictor structure that is well-established for time-delay systems control. An essential drawback of the predictor regarding disturbance rejection is highlighted.

Dataset Information

A Heating and Cooling Stage With Fast Temporal Control for Biological Applications.

Publications

A Heating and Cooling Stage With Fast Temporal Control for Biological Applications.

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