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Insight mechanism of magnetic activated catalyst derived from recycled steel residue for black liquor degradation.

ABSTRACT: The present work deals with developing a method for revalorizing steel residues to create sunlight-active photocatalysts based on iron oxides. Commercial-grade steel leftovers are oxidized under different combinations of pH and temperature (50-90 °C and 3 ≥ pH ≤ 5) in a low energy-intensive setup. The material with the highest production efficiency (yield > 12%) and magnetic susceptibility (χ_m = 387 × 10^-6 m³/kg) was further explored and modified by diffusion of M²⁺ (Zn and Co) ions within the structure of the oxide using a hydrothermal method to create ZnFe₂O₄, CoFe₂O₄ and combined Co-Zn ferrite. (Co-Zn)Fe₂O₄ displayed a bandgap of 2.02 eV and can be activated under sunlight irradiation. Electron microscopy studies show that (Co-Zn)Fe₂O₄ consists of particles with diameters between 400 and 700 nm, homogeneous size, even distribution, and good dispersibility. Application of the developed materials in the sunlight catalysis of black liquors from cellulose extraction resulted in a reduction of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (- 15% on average) and an enhancement in biodegradability (> 0.57 BOD/COD) after 180 min of reaction. Since the presented process employs direct solar light, it opens the possibility to large-scale water treatment and chemical upgrading applications.

SUBMITTER: Flores-Lopez ZD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11330496 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Insight mechanism of magnetic activated catalyst derived from recycled steel residue for black liquor degradation.

Flores-López Zacek David ZD Solís-Díaz Aylín Belén AB Cervantes-Aviles Pabel Antonio PA Thangarasu Pandiyan P Kumar Deepak D Kaur Harpreet H Singh Jashanpreet J Lokande Prasad P Huerta-Aguilar Carlos Alberto CA Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar NM

Scientific reports 20240817 1

The present work deals with developing a method for revalorizing steel residues to create sunlight-active photocatalysts based on iron oxides. Commercial-grade steel leftovers are oxidized under different combinations of pH and temperature (50-90 °C and 3 ≥ pH ≤ 5) in a low energy-intensive setup. The material with the highest production efficiency (yield > 12%) and magnetic susceptibility (χm = 387 × 10-6 m3/kg) was further explored and modified by diffusion of ...[more]

PMID: 39154070

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Project description:The valorization of lignin, a major component of plant-derived biomass, is essential to sustainable biorefining. We identified the major monoaromatic compounds present in black liquor, a lignin-rich stream generated in the kraft pulping process, and investigated their bacterial transformation. Among tested solvents, acetone extracted the greatest amount of monoaromatic compounds from softwood black liquor, with guaiacol, vanillin, and acetovanillone, in an approximately 4:3:2 ratio, constituting ~90% of the total extracted monoaromatic content. 4-Ethanol guaiacol, vanillate, and 4-propanol guaiacol were also present. Bacterial strains that grew on minimal media supplemented with the BL extracts at 1mM total aromatic compounds included Pseudomonas putida KT2442, Sphingobium sp. SYK-6, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous EP4. By contrast, the extracts inhibited the growth of Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 and Rhodococcus opacus PD630, strains extensively studied for lignin valorization. Of the strains that grew on the extracts, only R. rhodochrous GD01 and GD02, isolated for their ability to grow on acetovanillone, depleted the major extracted monoaromatics. Genomic analyses revealed that EP4, GD01, and GD02 share an average nucleotide identity (ANI) of 98% and that GD01 and GD02 harbor a predicted three-component carboxylase not present in EP4. A representative carboxylase gene was upregulated ~100-fold during growth of GD02 on a mixture of the BL monoaromatics, consistent with the involvement of the enzyme in acetovanillone catabolism. More generally, quantitative RT-PCR indicated that GD02 catabolizes the BL compounds in a convergent manner via the β-ketoadipate pathway. Overall, these studies help define the catabolic capabilities of potential biocatalytic strains, describe new isolates able to catabolize the major monoaromatic components of BL, including acetovanillone, and facilitate the design of biocatalysts to valorize under-utilized components of industrial lignin streams.

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Insight mechanism of magnetic activated catalyst derived from recycled steel residue for black liquor degradation.

Publications

Insight mechanism of magnetic activated catalyst derived from recycled steel residue for black liquor degradation.

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