Quality by design approach of apocynin loaded clove oil based nanostructured lipid carrier as a prophylactic regimen in hemorrhagic cystitis in vitro and in vivo comprehensive study.

ABSTRACT: Apocynin (APO) is a naturally occurring acetophenone with eminent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant peculiarities. It suffers from poor bioavailability due to low aqueous solubility. Herein, APO was loaded in a Clove oil (CO) based Nanostructured lipid carrier (NSLC) system using a simple method (ultrasonic emulsification) guided by a quality-by-design approach (2³ full factorial design) to optimize the formulated NSLCs. The prepared NSLCs were evaluated regarding particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), and entrapment efficiency (EE%). The optimal formula (F2) was extensively investigated through transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometry (XRD

SUBMITTER: Maghrabia AE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11333711 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature