Smoking as a mediator in the association between major depressive disorder and schizophrenia on lung cancer risk: a bidirectional/multivariable and mediation Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT:

Background & aims

Major depressive disorder and schizophrenia have been hypothesized to be closely associated with cancer. However, the associations between these psychiatric conditions and the development of lung cancer remain uncertain. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship among major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and the risk of lung cancer.

Methods

Two-sample bidirectional/multivariable and mediation Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted. Genome-wide summary data on major depressive disorder (N=500,199) and schizophrenia (N=127,906) were utilized. Data on the risk of lung cancer (overall, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell) were collected from a cohort of individuals of European ancestry (N=27,209). Three smoking-related behaviors (smok

SUBMITTER: Zhu X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11338888 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature