A Potential Outcomes Approach to Selection Bias.

ABSTRACT: We propose a novel definition of selection bias in analytic epidemiology using potential outcomes. This definition captures selection bias under both the structural approach (where conditioning on selection into the study opens a noncausal path from exposure to disease in a directed acyclic graph) and the traditional definition (where a given measure of association differs between the study sample and the population eligible for inclusion). This approach is nonparametric, and selection bias under the approach can be analyzed using single-world intervention graphs both under and away from the null hypothesis. It allows the simultaneous analysis of confounding and selection bias, it explicitly links the selection of study participants to the estimation of causal effects using study data, and

SUBMITTER: Kenah E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11340682 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature