Cross-subsidies are a viable option to fund formal pit latrine emptying services: Evidence from Kigali, Rwanda.

ABSTRACT: Pit latrines are the most common household sanitation system in East African cities. Urbanisation reduces the space available for new latrines to be constructed when pits fill and they increasingly require emptying. But formal services that empty and transport sludge to safe disposal or treatment are often unaffordable to low-income households. Cross-subsidies have been suggested to fund services for low-income households but there are no academic studies assessing this funding mechanism. This study analyses empirical financial and operational data shared by a formal service provider in Kigali, Rwanda who is establishing a cross-subsidy model between corporate and high-income households, and low-income households in informal settlements. A semi-mechanical method is used to serve households

SUBMITTER: Wilcox J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11341047 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature