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Non-cationic hyper-crosslinked ionic polymers with hierarchically ordered porous structures: facile synthesis and applications for highly efficient CO2 capture and conversion† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d4sc03708a

ABSTRACT:

SUBMITTER: Chen B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11342155 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hyper crosslinked polymer supported NHC stabilized gold nanoparticles with excellent catalytic performance in flow processes† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d2na00799a

Project description:Highly active and selective heterogeneous catalysis driven by metallic nanoparticles relies on a high degree of stabilization of such nanomaterials facilitated by strong surface ligands or deposition on solid supports. In order to tackle these challenges, N-heterocyclic carbene stabilized gold nanoparticles (NHC@AuNPs) emerged as promising heterogeneous catalysts. Despite the high degree of stabilization obtained by NHCs as surface ligands, NHC@AuNPs still need to be loaded on support structures to obtain easily recyclable and reliable heterogeneous catalysts. Therefore, the combination of properties obtained by NHCs and support structures as NHC bearing “functional supports” for the stabilization of AuNPs is desirable. Here, we report the synthesis of hyper-crosslinked polymers containing benzimidazolium as NHC precursors to stabilize AuNPs. Following the successful synthesis of hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCP), a two-step procedure was developed to obtain HCP·NHC@AuNPs. Detailed characterization not only revealed the successful NHC formation but also proved that the NHC functions as a stabilizer to the AuNPs in the porous polymer network. Finally, HCP·NHC@AuNPs were evaluated in the catalytic decomposition of 4-nitrophenol. In batch reactions, a conversion of greater than 99% could be achieved in as little as 90 s. To further evaluate the catalytic capability of HCP·NHC@AuNP, the catalytic decomposition of 4-nitrophenol was also performed in a flow setup. Here the catalyst not only showed excellent catalytic conversion but also exceptional recyclability while maintaining the catalytic performance. Gold nanoparticles stabilized in a HCP·NHC network showing excellent catalytic activity in flow application.

| S-EPMC9926895 | biostudies-literature

CO2-switchable emulsions with controllable size and viscosity† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3sc00228d

Project description:CO2-responsive emulsions have attracted considerable attention in recent years because of their biocompatibility and easy removal of CO2. However, most CO2-responsive emulsions are only used in stabilization and demulsification processes. In this paper, we report CO2-switchable oil-in-dispersion (OID) emulsions co-stabilized with silica nanoparticles and anionic NCOONa, in which the required concentrations of NCOONa and silica particles were as low as 0.01 mM and 0.0001 wt%, respectively. Besides reversible emulsification/demulsification, the aqueous phase containing the emulsifiers was recycled and reused with the CO2/N2 trigger. More importantly, the properties of the emulsions, such as droplet sizes (40–1020 μm) and viscosities (6–2190 Pa s), were intelligently controlled by the CO2/N2 trigger, and meanwhile reversible conversion between OID emulsions and Pickering emulsions was achieved. The present method offers a green and sustainable way to regulate the emulsion states, which enables smart control of emulsions and widens their potential applications. CO2-switchable emulsions with on-demand stability and controllable properties, such as droplet size, viscosity, and emulsion type, were prepared with a CO2-switchable surfactant and silica nanoparticles.

| S-EPMC10034261 | biostudies-literature

Photo-crosslinked Diels–Alder and thiol–ene polymer networks† † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra08072f