Strategy for an early simultaneous introduction of four-pillars of heart failure therapy: results from a single center experience.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines recommend the use of four different classes of drugs for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF): beta blockers (BB), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs). Moreover, the 2023 ESC updated Guidelines suggest an intensive strategy of initiation and rapid up-titration of evidence-based treatment before discharge, based on trials not using the four-pillars. We hypothesized that an early concomitantly administration and up-titration of four-pillars, compared with a conventional stepwise approach, may impact the vulnerable phase after hospitalization owing to HF.

Methods

This prospective

SUBMITTER: Severino P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11344711 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature