Dataset Information

Wearable, Knitted 3D Spacer Thermoelectric Generator with Detachable p-n Junctions for Body Heat Energy Harvesting.

ABSTRACT: Textile-based thermoelectric (TE) devices are being investigated to power smart textiles autonomously. While previous research has focused on a solid system where the required junctions are fabricated into the device, there has been limited attention given to replacing these TE systems reliably. This work looks at a newer approach to the construction and demonstration of a wearable thermoelectric structure that employs three-dimensional knitted spacers to increase the temperature difference where the TE junctions are detachable and disposable. This system features positive and negative junctions which can be removed while maintaining its excellent voltage generation in low ΔT and good Seebeck coefficients. A mathematical model simulates the potential energy outputs and maximum power points generated, which can be used to increase the device's performance for future wearable sensing applications.

SUBMITTER: Newby S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11359260 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Wearable, Knitted 3D Spacer Thermoelectric Generator with Detachable p-n Junctions for Body Heat Energy Harvesting.

Newby Samantha S Mirihanage Wajira W Fernando Anura A

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 20240808 16

Textile-based thermoelectric (TE) devices are being investigated to power smart textiles autonomously. While previous research has focused on a solid system where the required junctions are fabricated into the device, there has been limited attention given to replacing these TE systems reliably. This work looks at a newer approach to the construction and demonstration of a wearable thermoelectric structure that employs three-dimensional knitted spacers to increase the temperature difference wher ...[more]

PMID: 39204837

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Project description:Wearable electronics play a crucial role in advancing the rapid development of artificial intelligence, and as an attractive future vision, all-in-one wearable microsystems integrating powering, sensing, actuating and other functional components on a single chip have become an appealing tendency. Herein, we propose a wearable thermoelectric generator (ThEG) with a novel double-chain configuration to simultaneously realize sustainable energy harvesting and multi-functional sensing. In contrast to traditional single-chain ThEGs with the sole function of thermal energy harvesting, each individual chain of the developed double-chain thermoelectric generator (DC-ThEG) can be utilized to scavenge heat energy, and moreover, the combination of the two chains can be employed as functional sensing electrodes at the same time. The mature mass-fabrication technology of screen printing was successfully introduced to print n-type and p-type thermoelectric inks atop a polymeric substrate to form thermocouples to construct two independent chains, which makes this DC-ThEG flexible, high-performance and cost-efficient. The emerging material of silk fibroin was employed to cover the gap of the fabricated two chains to serve as a functional layer for sensing the existence of liquid water molecules in the air and the temperature. The powering and sensing functions of the developed DC-ThEG and their interactions were systematically studied via experimental measurements, which proved the DC-ThEG to be a robust multi-functional power source with a 151 mV open-circuit voltage. In addition, it was successfully demonstrated that this DC-ThEG can convert heat energy to achieve a 3.3 V output, matching common power demands of wearable electronics, and harvest biothermal energy to drive commercial electronics (i.e., a calculator). The integration approach of powering and multi-functional sensing based on this new double-chain configuration might open a new chapter in advanced thermoelectric generators, especially in the applications of all-in-one self-powered microsystems.

Project description:The demand for highly flexible and self-powered wearable textile devices has increased in recent years. Graphene coated textile-based wearable devices have been used for energy harvesting and storage due to their outstanding mechanical, electrical and electronic properties. However, the use of metal based nanocomposites is limited in textiles, due to their poor bending, fixation, and binding on textiles. We present here reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as an n-type and conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as a p-type material for a wearable thermoelectric nanogenerator (TEG) using a (pad-dry-cure) technique. We developed a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coated textile-based wearable TEG for energy harvesting from low-grade human body heat. The conductive polymer (PEDOT:PSS) and (rGO) nanocomposite were coated using a layer by layer approach. The resultant fabric showed higher weight pickup of 60-80%. The developed textile based TEG device showed an enhanced Seebeck coefficient of (25-150 μV K-1), and a power factor of (2.5-60 μW m-1 K-1). The developed TE device showed a higher potential to convert the low-grade body heat into electrical energy, between the human body temperature of (36.5 °C) and an external environment of (20.0 ± 5 °C) with a temperature difference of (2.5-16.5 °C). The wearable textile-based TEG is capable of producing an open circuit output voltage of 12.5-119.5 mV at an ambient fixed temperature of (20 °C). The rGO coated textile fabric also showed reduced electrical sheet resistance by increasing the number of dyeing cycles (10) and increased with the number of (20) washing cycles. The developed reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coated electrodes showed a sheet resistance of 185-45 kΩ and (15 kΩ) for PEDOT:PSS-rGO nanocomposites respectively. Furthermore, the mechanical performance of the as coated textile fabric was enhanced from (20-80 mPa) with increasing number of padding cycles. The thermoelectric performance was significantly improved, without influencing the breath-ability and comfort properties of the resultant fabric. This study presents a promising approach for the fabrication of PEDOT:PSS/rGO nano-hybrids for textile-based wearable thermoelectric generators (TEGs) for energy harvesting from low-grade body heat.

Dataset Information

Wearable, Knitted 3D Spacer Thermoelectric Generator with Detachable p-n Junctions for Body Heat Energy Harvesting.

Publications

Wearable, Knitted 3D Spacer Thermoelectric Generator with Detachable p-n Junctions for Body Heat Energy Harvesting.

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