Biochar carbon nanodots for catalytic acetalization of biodiesel by-product crude glycerol to solketal: process optimization by RSM and life cycle cost analysis.

ABSTRACT: Carbon-based nanodots have garnered recent interest for their simple synthesis and versatile utility, ranging from biomedical to (opto) electronic applications, evolving into a tunable and biocompatible material. Here, for the first time, a biochar (lotus leaf) derived carbon nanodots was synthesized through hydrothermal carbonization. The synthesized hollow spherical biochar was engineered via functionalization by grafting -SO₃H active sites. The attained catalyst was broadly analyzed by XRD, FTIR, TGA, BET, SEM-EDX, TEM, and XPS analysis after which it was applied for the acetalization reaction of crude glycerol (a biodiesel by-product) to form solketal, a potential fuel additive to valorize the large waste stream generated from biodiesel industry. Employing the RSM-CCD method

SUBMITTER: Ao S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11362544 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature