Heterophoria in multiple sclerosis patients: a proof of principle cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

The pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) involves inflammatory neurodegeneration in the brainstem, cerebellum, and retina. The clinical relevance of oculomotor involvement in MS, however, remains uncertain.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated heterophoria as a (sub)clinical tool in 54 MS patients and 55 age-matched healthy controls (HCs). We quantified heterophoria in prism diopters for distance and near range with orthoptic examination. Our primary outcome was high degrees of horizontal heterophoria (HDHH) defined as measurements beyond ±2 standard deviations from the mean prism diopter of heterophoria of our HCs.

Results

More than one-third (37%, n=20/54) of MS patients but only 11% (n=6/55) of HCs were classified as HDHH [distance,

SUBMITTER: Graf J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11366644 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature