Elucidating allergic reaction mechanisms in response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, novel nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccines were developed. A small number of individuals developed allergic reactions to these vaccines although the mechanisms remain undefined.

Methods

To understand COVID-19 vaccine-mediated allergic reactions, we enrolled 19 participants who developed allergic events within 2 h of vaccination and 13 controls, nonreactors. Using standard hemolysis assays, we demonstrated that sera from allergic participants induced stronger complement activation compared to nonallergic subjects following ex vivo vaccine exposure.

Results

Vaccine-mediated complement activation correlated with anti-polyethelyne glycol (PEG) IgG (but not IgM) levels while anti-PEG IgE was undetectable in all subjects. Depletion of to

SUBMITTER: Shah MM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11368657 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature