Association between serum and urinary environmental metal levels and major depressive disorder: a study based on logistic regression and quantile regression.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental disorder globally. Increasing evidence suggests that Environmental Metal (EM) play a crucial role in MDD. Therefore, this study investigated the roles of barium (Ba), cesium (Cs), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and tin (Sn) in the etiology of MDD.

Methods

The study included 72 MDD patients and 75 healthy controls (HCs) from the Second People's Hospital of Zhumadian, China. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) measured the metal levels in serum and urine samples from both groups.

Results

Significant differences in serum and urine levels of EMs were observed between MDD patients and HCs. After adjusting for age, gender, and BMI, logistic regression and

SUBMITTER: Sun Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11369418 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature