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Paradoxical peeling patterns.

ABSTRACT: Processes ranging from fracture of crystals to peeling of tape have been known for many decades to emit light through a mechanism believed to be associated with electrical charging of separating surfaces. This topic, broadly termed fractoluminescence, has been proposed to be involved in several remarkable phenomena, including medical diagnostics and the generation of X-rays in the lab and earthquake lightning in nature. Here we add the paradoxical finding that two separating surfaces produce entirely different charge patterns, despite originating from the same interface. Further, we report the discovery of a rich variety of new and unexplained patterns, and we examine the hypothesis that the patterns are produced by migration of either polar or non-polar discharge ions onto contact-charged surfaces. This hypothesis may first explain prior findings that charge patterns can extend far beyond points of contact, and second suggests that the ultimate charge imparted on surfaces depends both on well-characterized mechanisms of surface potential and on highly variable discharge ions in the surrounding environment.

SUBMITTER: Reiter MP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11372153 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Paradoxical peeling patterns.

Reiter Mary Pat MP Shinbrot Troy T

Scientific reports 20240904 1

Processes ranging from fracture of crystals to peeling of tape have been known for many decades to emit light through a mechanism believed to be associated with electrical charging of separating surfaces. This topic, broadly termed fractoluminescence, has been proposed to be involved in several remarkable phenomena, including medical diagnostics and the generation of X-rays in the lab and earthquake lightning in nature. Here we add the paradoxical finding that two separating surfaces produce ent ...[more]

PMID: 39227456

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Project description:BackgroundPronounced sex differences in the susceptibility and response to SARS-CoV-2 infection remain poorly understood. Emerging evidence has highlighted the potential importance of autoimmune activation in modulating the acute response and recovery trajectories following SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Given that immune-inflammatory activity can be sex-biased in the setting of severe COVID-19 illness, the aim of the study was to examine sex-specific autoimmune reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 in the absence of extreme clinical disease.MethodsIn this study, we assessed autoantibody (AAB) reactivity to 91 autoantigens previously linked to a range of classic autoimmune diseases in a cohort of 177 participants (65% women, 35% men, mean age of 35) with confirmed evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection based on presence of antibody to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2. Data were compared to 53 pre-pandemic healthy controls (49% women, 51% men). For each participant, socio-demographic data, serological analyses, SARS-CoV-2 infection status and COVID-19 related symptoms were collected by an electronic survey of questions. The symptoms burden score was constructed based on the total number of reported symptoms (N = 21) experienced within 6 months prior to the blood draw, wherein a greater number of symptoms corresponded to a higher score and assigned as more severe burden.ResultsIn multivariable analyses, we observed sex-specific patterns of autoreactivity associated with the presence or absence (as well as timing and clustering of symptoms) associated with prior COVID-19 illness. Whereas the overall AAB response was more prominent in women following asymptomatic infection, the breadth and extent of AAB reactivity was more prominent in men following at least mildly symptomatic infection. Notably, the observed reactivity included distinct antigens with molecular homology with SARS-CoV-2.ConclusionOur results reveal that prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, even in the absence of severe clinical disease, can lead to a broad AAB response that exhibits sex-specific patterns of prevalence and antigen selectivity. Further understanding of the nature of triggered AAB activation among men and women exposed to SARS-CoV-2 will be essential for developing effective interventions against immune-mediated sequelae of COVID-19.

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Paradoxical peeling patterns.

Publications

Paradoxical peeling patterns.

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