Dataset Information

Aerosolization ocular surface microorganisms accumulation effect during non-contact tonometer measurements.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

This study aimed to verify that aerosolization ocular surface microorganisms (AOSMs) accumulated during non-contact tonometry (NCT) measurements.

Methods

A total of 508 participants (740 eyes) were enrolled in the study. In Experiment 1, before NCT was performed on each eye, the air was disinfected, and environment air control samples were collected via Air ideal^® 3P (Bio Merieux). During NCT measurements, microbial aerosol samples were collected once from each eye. In Experiment 2, we collected initial blank control samples and then repeated Experiment 1. Finally, in Experiment 3, after the background microbial aerosol investigation, we cumulatively sampled AOSMs from each 10 participants then culture once, without any interventions to interrupt the accumulation. The collected samples were incubated and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

Results

Pathogenic Aerococcus viridans and other microorganisms from human eyes can spread and accumulate in the air during NCT measurements. The species and quantity of AOSMs produced by NCT measurements can demonstrate an accumulation effect.

Conclusion

AOSMs generated during NCT measurements are highly likely to spread and accumulate in the air, thereby may increase the risk of exposure to and transmission of bio-aerosols.

SUBMITTER: Shen X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11373106 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Aerosolization ocular surface microorganisms accumulation effect during non-contact tonometer measurements.

Shen Xinyi X Xu Yi Y Ye Yuee Y Huai Shuo S Wu Peiyu P Huang Jinzhi J Zhou Weihe W Li Chunchun C Chen Yanyan Y

BMC ophthalmology 20240903 1

<h4>Purpose</h4>This study aimed to verify that aerosolization ocular surface microorganisms (AOSMs) accumulated during non-contact tonometry (NCT) measurements.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 508 participants (740 eyes) were enrolled in the study. In Experiment 1, before NCT was performed on each eye, the air was disinfected, and environment air control samples were collected via Air ideal<sup>®</sup> 3P (Bio Merieux). During NCT measurements, microbial aerosol samples were collected once from each ...[more]

PMID: 39227827

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Project description:PurposeContact lens-induced discomfort (CLD) remains a primary factor in discontinuation or prevention of contact lens wear. Thus, we investigated the role of ocular surface immune cells in subjects with CLD.MethodsHabitual contact lens (CL) wearers with CLD (n = 19; 38 eyes) and without CLD (n = 21; 42 eyes) as determined by the Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire-8 was included in a trial. Enrolled subjects used either of the two types of CL (designated as CL-A or CL-D). Ocular surface cells from the bulbar conjunctiva were obtained by impression cytology. The collected cells were phenotyped using fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies specific for leukocytes (CD45+), neutrophils (CD66b+,High,Low), macrophages (CD163+), T cells (CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+), natural killer (NK) cells (CD56+, High, Low), natural killer T (NKT) cells (CD3+CD56+), and gamma delta T (γδT) cells (CD3+γδTCR+) by flow cytometry. Further, corneal dendritic cell density (cDCD) was also determined using in vivo confocal microscopy.ResultsSignificantly higher proportions of CD45+ cells were observed in subjects with CLD compared to those without CLD. The percentages of CD66bTotal,Low, CD163+, pan T cells, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, CD56Total,High,Low (NK) cells, and NKT cells, as well as the CD4/CD8 ratio, were significantly higher in CLD subjects. The proportion of T cells (CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio, NKT cells) and macrophages exhibited a direct association with discomfort score. The percentages of CD45+, CD66bTotal,Low, CD163+, CD3+, CD56Total,High,Low, and NKT cells and cDCD were significantly higher in CLD subjects wearing CL-D. The percentages of CD66bHigh, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, NKT cells, and CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly higher in CLD subjects wearing CL-A.ConclusionsIncreased proportions of ocular surface immune cells are observed in CLD, and the lens type could impact the immune cells associated with CLD.Translational relevanceThe association between the proportion of altered ocular surface immune cell subsets and contact lens-induced discomfort underpins the importance of considering immune-related aspects during contact lens development and in the clinical management of ocular surface pain.

Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate the microbial loading in aerosols produced after air-puff by non-contact tonometer (NCT) as well as the effect of alcohol disinfection on the inhibition of microbes and thus to provide suggestions for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in ophthalmic departments of hospitals or clinics during the great pandemics.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in this study. A NIDEK NCT was used for intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement for patients who visited Department of Ophthalmology in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University during March 18-25 2020. After ultra-violate (UV) light disinfection, the room air was sampled for 5 minutes. Before and after alcohol disinfection, the air samples and nozzle surface samples were respectively collected by plate exposure method and sterile moist cotton swab technique after predetermined times of NCT air-puff. Microbial colony counts were calculated after incubation for 48 hours. Finally, mass spectrometry was performed for the accurate identification of microbial species.ResultsIncreased microbial colonies were detected from air samples close to NCT nozzle after air-puff compared with air samples at a distance of 1 meter from the nozzle (p = 0.001). Interestingly, none microbes were detected on the surface of NCT nozzle. Importantly, after 75% alcohol disinfection less microbes were detected in the air beside the nozzle (p = 0.003). Microbial species identification showed more than ten strains of microbes, all of which were non-pathogenic.ConclusionAerosols containing microbes were produced by NCT air-puff in the ophthalmic consultation room, which may be a possible virus transmission route in the department of ophthalmology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Alcohol disinfection for the nozzle and the surrounding air was efficient at decreasing the microbes contained in the aerosols and theoretically this prevention measure could also inhibit the virus. This will give guidance for the prevention of virus transmission and protection of hospital staff and patients.

Dataset Information

Aerosolization ocular surface microorganisms accumulation effect during non-contact tonometer measurements.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Aerosolization ocular surface microorganisms accumulation effect during non-contact tonometer measurements.

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