Re-analyzing and confirming a differential use of redintegration in students with mild and borderline intellectual disabilities
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC11374732 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:In verbal working memory, two processes serve to retain a fading memory trace: subvocal rehearsal and lexical redintegration. While recent studies on students with mild and borderline intellectual disabilities (MBID) have yielded mixed results on rehearsal, redintegration has not been researched in MBID, yet. Furthermore, most studies have used a group-matched design which, due to methodological constraints, can only distinguish between two different development patterns. Thus, we study both rehearsal and redintegration in students with MBID using developmental trajectories that have greater potential for identifying differential developmental patterns than traditional group-matching approaches. We investigate whether three aspects in working memory develop differently in students with MBID in comparison to typically developing students: (a) the general capacity of the phonological loop, and the effectiveness of (b) rehearsal, and (c) redintegration. We use three different developmental indicators to compare trajectories: chronological age, cognitive capacity, and vocabulary size. N = 210 students (87 students with MBID, 123 typically developing students) completed working memory span tasks with short and long (1- vs. 3-syllable) real words and pseudowords. The effect for word length (short vs. long) measures rehearsal, and the lexicality effect (real words vs. pseudowords) measures redintegration. Results show that developmental trajectories reveal an intercept difference but no slowed rate in rehearsal, and no impairment in redintegration. However, concerning the developmental relation between redintegration and vocabulary size, students with MBID reveal a differential pattern as redintegration appears higher for students with small vocabulary size, but unexpectedly decreases as vocabulary size increases. We conclude that students with MBID show a delayed onset in the development of capacity of the phonological loop and rehearsal and that they do not catch up in their development. Redintegration does not seem to be impaired in relation to age and cognitive capacity. However, the differential relation of redintegration with vocabulary size calls for further research. While impaired subvocal rehearsal appears to be connected to the developmental problems of students with MBID, lexical redintegration seems to be intact in relation to chronological age and cognitive capacity, making it a possible area of strength.
| S-EPMC6345193 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWe sought to assess diet quality among people with intellectual disabilities or borderline intellectual functioning, living in residential facilities or receiving day care.MethodsWe measured diet quality using the Dutch Healthy Diet Food Frequency Questionnaire (DHD) and compared this between participants with (n = 151) and controls without intellectual disabilities (n = 169). Potential correlates of diet quality were explored.ResultsWe found lower mean diet quality among people with intellectual disabilities (M = 80.9) compared to controls (M = 111.2; mean adjusted difference -28.4; 95% CI [-32.3, -24.5]; p < .001). Participants with borderline intellectual functioning and mild intellectual disabilities had lower diet quality and higher body mass index than individuals with severe to profound intellectual disabilities. Being female was a predictor of better diet quality.ConclusionsOverall, we found that diet quality was low in the sample of people with intellectual disabilities or borderline intellectual functioning.
| S-EPMC9298221 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimsTo assess the effectiveness of Take it personal!, a prevention programme for individuals with mild intellectual disabilities and borderline intellectual functioning (MID-BIF) and substance use (SU). The prevention programme aims to reduce SU (alcohol, cannabis and illicit drugs) among experimental to problematic substance users.DesignA quasi-experimental design with two arms and a 3-month follow-up.SettingAdolescents were recruited from 14 treatment centres in the Netherlands specialized in offering intra- and extramural care for people with MID-BIF and behavioural problems.ParticipantsData were collected from 66 individuals with MID-BIF assigned either to the intervention condition (n = 34) or to the control condition (n = 32).InterventionsTake it personal! was designed to target four personality traits: sensation-seeking, impulsive behaviour, anxiety sensitivity and negative thinking. For each of these profiles, interventions were developed that were structurally the same but contained different personality-specific materials, games and exercises. The control group received care as usual.MeasurementsPrimary outcomes at 3-month follow-up were frequency of SU, severity of SU and binge drinking.ResultsResults showed intervention effects for SU frequency (F(1, 50.43) = 9.27, P = 0.004) and binge drinking (F(1, 48.02) = 8.63, P = 0.005), but not for severity of SU (F(1, 42.09) = 2.20, P = 0.145).ConclusionsA prevention programme to reduce substance use among experimental to problematic users with mild intellectual disabilities and borderline intellectual functioning helped participants to decrease substance use frequency and binge drinking.
| S-EPMC7891383 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPeople with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (MBIDs) face challenges in social functioning, possibly as a result of limited mentalising abilities such as reflecting on the behaviour of themselves and others. Reflective functioning in people with MBIDs has not yet been investigated due to a lack of instruments. The Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ) is a seemingly easy adaptable, short self-report questionnaire. The aim of the present, explorative study was to adapt the RFQ for people with MBIDs and investigate the psychometric properties and correlations with other mentalising related constructs. The formulation of the items was adapted to the target group and items were added to broaden the scope towards reflection on both the self and other.MethodParticipants were 159 adults with MBIDs who completed a Dutch-translated and easy-to-read RFQ with five supplemental items, a questionnaire for autistic traits, a self-report questionnaire assessing perspective taking and two performance-based measures assessing emotion recognition and Theory of Mind.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis confirmed the factor structure of the RFQ and revealed a two-factor structure with a Self and Other subscale. Generally satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability were found. Explorative results showed correlations of the RFQ-8 and RFQ subscales with autistic traits and between the RFQ Other and perspective taking.ConclusionsThis explorative study is the first testing psychometric properties of the RFQ as a self-report questionnaire for assessing reflective functioning in adults with MBIDs. This step is relevant in gaining more scientific knowledge on assessing mentalising in people with MBIDs.
| S-EPMC10298756 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although the attention for substance use (SU) and SU disorders (SUD) among individuals with mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID) has been growing exponentially, this form of dual diagnosis has largely been ignored by addiction medicine. In this article, we systematically review the research between January 2000 and June 2018 on the prevalence, assessment, and treatment of SU(D) among children, adolescents, and adults with MBID. A total of 138 articles were included. It is concluded that individuals with MBID are likely to be at a higher risk for developing SUD compared to those without MBID. Future research should focus on the detection of MBID among patients being treated in addiction medicine, the development and implementation of systematic assessment methods of SU(D) among individuals with MBID, and the development and evaluation of prevention and treatment interventions. System integration, interdisciplinary collaboration, and the development of tailored treatment for individuals with MBID are advised to improve treatment access and outcome for those who have developed SUD.
| S-EPMC6888885 | biostudies-literature
Project description:People with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities face many barriers toward their sexual health. To promote sexual health and overcome these barriers, they need individualized forms of sexuality support and education. To align sexuality support and education insight is needed on their understanding of sexual health. The current paper aims to provide greater insight in what sexual health consists of according to people with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities. Nine people with a mild to borderline intellectual disability participated in a concept mapping procedure, consisting of brainstorming, sorting, and ranking the statements. The resulting clusters and concept map were interpreted by an expert group. Analysis resulted in five clusters which participants considered important for their sexual health. According to people with mild to borderline intellectual disability cluster pertaining to romantic relationships and sexual socialization were the most important. These were followed by clusters on sexual health and lastly sexual selfhood. These results have implications for the development of sexuality support and education, as well as further research.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11195-023-09796-w.
| S-EPMC10169136 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPersons with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities generally show dysfunctions in mentalization and stress regulation, resulting in problematic social relationships and personal distress. Intervention programs may improve mentalizing abilities. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the serious game 'You & I' in changing mentalizing abilities and stress regulation in adults with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities.MethodsA two-arm, parallel, superiority randomized controlled trial will be used with 172 adults with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group to play the serious game 'You & I' or a waitlist control group. Participants will be assessed at baseline, post intervention (5 weeks after baseline), and follow-up (6-8 weeks after post intervention). They also will fill in questionnaires for personal factors, personal development, personal well-being, social validity, autism spectrum quotient (demographic variables), mentalizing abilities (primary outcome measure), and stress regulation (secondary outcome measure).DiscussionThe serious game 'You & I' aims to improve mentalizing abilities in adults with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities, which is expected to lead to improved regulation of stress in social relationships. The study's unique feature is the use of a serious game to improve mentalizing abilities. If the intervention is effective, the serious game can be implemented on a broad scale in Dutch care organizations for people with intellectual disabilities as an effective preventive tool to improve mentalizing abilities.Trial registrationNetherlands Trial Register, NTR7418 . Registered on 2 August 2018.
| S-EPMC6694494 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Individuals with disabilities are regarded as a highly vulnerable population group, particularly as far as oral health is concern. However, few studies have assessed the impact of the oral condition on the quality of life of these individuals. Therefore, the aim of this study is to expand knowledge on the oral health status of the Portuguese adults with mild intellectual disability, and to assess how the patient's oral health is related to their quality of life. A sample of 240 adults with mild intellectual disabilities linked to the Portuguese Federation for Intellectual Disability, were interviewed using a previously validated version of the Oral Health Impact Profile. An oral health examination was also conducted using three oral health indexes: Clinical Oral Health Index (COHI); Clinical Oral Care Needs Index (COCNI) and the Clinical Oral Prevention Index (COPI). Sociodemographic characteristics and dental health factors were also collected, following statistical analysis. More than half of the individuals (54,9%) presented one or more problems of major to severe impact on health (COHI level 2); only 4,6% of the individuals do not need treatment or examination (COCNI level 0) and 85% of the study sample needs measures of educational or preventive action (COPI level 1). In 76,9% of the participants, oral health had impact on the quality of life. The most affected dimensions of life were physical pain with 61,9%, followed by psychological discomfort and psychological disability with 45,1% and 45%, respectively. With relation to oral health factors and sociodemographic variables it was verified that fewer teeth and higher self-perception of need for dental treatment had a negative impact on the quality of life. On the other hand, institutionalization and an increase in at least one category in the self-perception of the oral health status had a positive impact on the quality of life. Given the high burden of oral disease and the considerable impact on quality of life found in this study, the establishment of guidelines to improve the oral health and quality of life of these individuals should be regarded as imperative.
| S-EPMC5862473 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundGeneral practitioners (GPs) are increasingly confronted with people with both mild intellectual disability (MID) and mental health (MH) problems. Little is known about the type of MH problems for which people with MID visit their GP and the care provided.ObjectivesTo identify the type and prevalence of MH disorders and MH-related complaints in people with MID in primary care and care provided, compared to people without ID.MethodsBy linking the Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research's primary care databases, comprising electronic health records, with Statistic Netherlands' social services and chronic care databases, we identified 11,887 people with MID. In this four-year retrospective study, MH-related International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) codes and care characteristics were compared between people with MID and without ID.ResultsOf the people with MID, 48.8% had MH problems recorded vs. 30.4% of the people without ID, with significant differences in substance abuse, suicide attempts, and psychosis. Of the MID group, 80.3% were not registered by their GP with the ICPC code mental retardation. GPs provided more care to people with MID and MH problems than people without ID but with MH-problems regarding consultations (median 6.4 vs. 4.0 per year) and variety of prescribed medications (median 2.7 vs. 2.0 per year).ConclusionIn primary care, the prevalence of MH problems and care provided is high in people with MID. To improve primary mental healthcare for this group, it is essential to increase GPs' awareness and knowledge on the combination of MID and MH.
| S-EPMC9683063 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Standard cytogenetic GTG-banding analysis (550 bands) revealed an interstitial deletion on 15q21q22 chromosomal region. Refinement of the 15q21.2 deletion intervals was conducted using aCGH (Cytoscan HD, Affymetrix) on DNA samples from the patient. This assay revealed the presence of submicroscopic alterations on chromosomes 1, 9 and 15. The result was arr[hg19] 9p24.1(6,619,823-6,749,335)x3, 1q44(248,688,586-248,795,277)x1, 15q21.2q22.2(50,848,301-61,298,006)x1.
2014-06-21 | GSE58694 | GEO