Icaritin inhibits the progression of urothelial cancer by suppressing PADI2-mediated neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil extracellular trap formation.

ABSTRACT: Tumor relapse and metastasis are the major causes of mortality associated with urothelial cancer. In the tumor microenvironment, negative regulatory molecules and various immune cell subtypes suppress antitumor immunity. The inflammatory microenvironment, associated with neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), promotes tumor metastasis. However, no drugs are currently available to specifically inhibit neutrophils and NETs. In this study, we first demonstrated that icaritin (ICT), a Chinese herbal remedy that is a first-line treatment for advanced and incurable hepatocellular carcinoma, reduces NETs caused by suicidal NETosis and prevents neutrophil infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. Mechanistically, ICT binds to and inhibits the expression of PADI2 in neutrophils, t

SUBMITTER: Mou Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11413672 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature