Causal relationship between reproductive factors and female bone density: a univariate and multivariate mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Observational studies have found associations between reproductive factors and bone density in women. However, the causal relationships are not well understood. This study aims to investigate whether various reproductive factors are causally related to bone density at different skeletal sites using both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.

Methods

The study incorporated four reproductive factors, namely, age at menarche (AAM), age at first live birth (AFB), age at menopause (ANM), and age at last live birth (ALB), as well as five distinct skeletal sites, including bone mineral density (BMD), heel calcaneus BMD, ultradistal forearm bone mineral density (FA-BMD), lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS-BMD), and femoral neck bone mineral

SUBMITTER: Lin X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11427258 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature