The influence of insulin on diabetic retinopathy and retinal vessel parameters in diabetes.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

To investigate the associations between insulin use and diabetic retinopathy (DR), and retinal vascular parameters in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods

A total of 6,374 T2DM patients, consisting of 2,231 patients receiving insulin alone and 4143 patients without any hypoglycemic medication, were included in cross-sectional analyses. Among those without DR at baseline, 791 patients were followed for three years in longitudinal analyses. Fundus photography was taken to diagnose DR and calculate central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE), central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE), arteriolar-to-venular ratio (AVR), and vascular tortuosity. Inverse probability treatment-weighted analyses were performed.

Results

After adjusting for gender, age, body mass index, blood p

SUBMITTER: Yuan T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11440757 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature