CD4⁺ T cells re-wire granuloma cellularity and regulatory networks to promote immunomodulation following Mtb reinfection.

ABSTRACT: Immunological priming-in the context of either prior infection or vaccination-elicits protective responses against subsequent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. However, the changes that occur in the lung cellular milieu post-primary Mtb infection and their contributions to protection upon reinfection remain poorly understood. Using clinical and microbiological endpoints in a non-human primate reinfection model, we demonstrated that prior Mtb infection elicited a long-lasting protective response against subsequent Mtb exposure and was CD4⁺ T cell dependent. By analyzing data from primary infection, reinfection, and reinfection-CD4⁺ T cell-depleted granulomas, we found that the presence of CD4⁺ T cells during reinfection resulted in a less inflammat

SUBMITTER: Bromley JD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11466276 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature