Heterogeneity of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> lipopolysaccharide counteracts macrophage and antimicrobial peptide defenses.

ABSTRACT: Salmonella enterica is comprised of over 2,500 serovars, in which non-typhoidal serovars (NTS), Enteritidis (SE), and Typhimurium (STM) are the most clinically associated with human infections. Although NTS have similar genetic elements to cause disease, phenotypic variation including differences in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) composition may control immune evasion. Here, we demonstrate that macrophage host defenses and LL-37 antimicrobial efficacy against SE and STM are substantially altered by LPS heterogeneity. We found that SE evades macrophage killing by inhibiting phagocytosis while STM survives better intracellularly post-phagocytosis. SE-infected macrophages failed to activate the inflammasomes and subsequently produced less interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-18, and interferon λ. Inac

SUBMITTER: Heffernan LM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11475854 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature