Hypoxic glioma-derived exosomal miR-25-3p promotes macrophage M2 polarization by activating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Exosomes (EXO) play crucial roles in intercellular communication and glioma microenvironment modulation. Tumor-associated macrophages are more likely to become M2-like type macrophages in the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of hypoxic glioma-derived exosomes mediated M2-like macrophage polarization.

Methods

Highly expressed miRNAs in exosomes derived from glioma cells cultured under hypoxia condition compared to normoxic condition were identified through microRNA sequencing. The polarization status of macrophages was determined using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry. By using RNA-seq, we aimed to identify the downstream target genes regulated by miR-25-3p in m

SUBMITTER: Xue Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11481566 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature