Schistosome and malaria exposure and urban-rural differences in vaccine responses in Uganda: a causal mediation analysis using data from three linked randomised controlled trials.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Vaccine immunogenicity and effectiveness vary geographically. Chronic immunomodulating parasitic infections including schistosomes and malaria have been hypothesised to be mediators of geographical variations.

Methods

We compared vaccine-specific immune responses between three Ugandan settings (schistosome-endemic rural, malaria-endemic rural, and urban) and did causal mediation analysis to assess the role of Schistosoma mansoni and malaria exposure in observed differences. We used data from the control groups of three linked randomised trials investigating the effects of intensive parasite treatment among schoolchildren. All participants received the BCG vaccine (week 0); yellow fever (YF-17D), oral typhoid (Ty21a), human papillomavirus (HPV; week 4); and HPV boo

SUBMITTER: Natukunda A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11483244 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature