Causal effect of immune cells, metabolites, cathepsins, and vitamin therapy in diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization and cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of blindness worldwide. The pathogenesis of DR involves complex interactions between metabolic disturbances, immune cells, and proteolytic enzymes such as cathepsins (CATs). Despite various studies, the precise roles of different CATs, metabolites, and vitamins in DR remain unclear.

Method

In this study, we employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) to assess causal relationships using genetic instruments selected based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We employed two-sample and mediation MR to explore the causal effects between nine CATs, immune cells, metabolites, vitamins, and DR. Additionally, the study also incorporated data from the NHANES survey to explore t

SUBMITTER: Zhou H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11487118 | biostudies-literature | 2024

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature