Association of ultra-processed food consumption with cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Ultra-processed foods mainly have high energy content and density and low nutrients. Unhealthy lifestyles mainly develop cardiovascular diseases and, as a result, unhealthy food patterns.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and the risk of novel cardiovascular disease (CVDs) in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM).

Method

This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 490 type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. A validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire evaluated food intake. Ultra-processed foods were assessed according to NOVA classification. Cardiovascular risk factors such as Castelli risk index 1 and 2 (CRI-I and II), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), lipid acc

SUBMITTER: Heidari Seyedmahalleh M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11494205 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature